-
#680 by hofflalu on 14 Nov, 2011 03:51
-
Apologies if this has been previously answered, but what happens to the Soyuz rocket core stage after burn-out? Is it high enough that it burns up on descent, or is it low enough in the atmosphere to crash intact on the ground?
Also, I know that the strap-on boosters do fall to the ground intact, but where geographically do they usually make their impact (as in, is there a certain part of Kazakhstan or Russia that's a "graveyard" for crashed boosters)? And, is there another place for the core stage, if it does in fact fall intact? -
#681 by Stan Black on 18 Nov, 2011 15:52
-
In May 2009
http://www.vz.ru/news/2009/5/12/285677.html
Launches of Glonass-K satellites from Plesetsk cosmodrome will begin not earlier than 2013. Necessary ground infrastructure for their preparation there will not be ready till 2013. So first two Glonass-K satellites will be launched in 2010 and 2011 with two Glonass-M satellites each from Baikonur cosmodrome.
In July 2009 tender for rocket payload fairings for 2010
http://www.gostorgi.ru/439504813BK Block 43K 122 960 000 ruble 14S737 to be held in reserve 120 000 000 ruble 14S737 to be held in reserve 120 000 000 ruble
In September 2009 Lavochkin won the contracts for 14S737
http://www.rosspending.ru/fk/contract/0018709007701/
http://www.rosspending.ru/fk/contract/0018709007702/
813BK ordered from Krunichev
http://www.rosspending.ru/fk/contract/0018709007700/
In April 2010 tender for rocket payload fairings for 2011
http://www.gostorgi.ru/74023714S737 Block 44S, Block 46S and Block K1 455 320 500 ruble 813BK Block 45K and one to be held in reserve 281 617 200 ruble
In May 2010 Lavochkin won the contracts for 14S737
http://www.rosspending.ru/fk/contract/0018710005071/
813BK is the payload fairing for Proton, used to launch three GLONASS together. Each launch of GLONASS is referred to by a sequential Block number.
Is the letter K as used in Block 43K and Block 45K indicate they were to include a GLONASS-K?
14S737 is the payload fairing for Soyuz-Fregat rockets, as used for Meridian and GLONASS launches from Plesetsk. GLONASS-K was sized for paired launches, with launches referred to as Block K1, Block K2, Block K3… At some point GLONASS-K became too heavy for paired launch and became GLONASS-K1. Just to confuse things after two solo launches of GLONASS-K1, the enhanced GLONASS-K2 is to be introduced.
Also the two 14S737 ordered in 2009 were to be delivered to Baikonur. The 1st ordered at a reduced price of 86 215 173 ruble.
In the end Block 43 contained three GLONASS-M.
http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=22810.0
Block 45K became Block 44; and Block 44S became Block 45S. -
#682 by baldusi on 05 Dec, 2011 21:08
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
-
#683 by Prober on 05 Dec, 2011 23:12
-
This contains some interesting bits of information about the electronics onboard Russian spacecraft
http://english.irz.ru/files/IRZ_space_2011_ENG.pdf
Oh no the power of a Vax, (Vax compatable)
-
#684 by kevin-rf on 07 Dec, 2011 12:49
-
Now VMS, that brings back some core memories...
-
#685 by Stan Black on 14 Dec, 2011 18:16
-
Kosmos-2382 GLONASS number 711 is a bit of an oddity. It was the only GLONASS with 5 years of resource; but it was not a 14F113 GLONASS-M.
http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/sap/2004/vienna/presentations/wednesday/pm/revnivyk.pdf
http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/sap/2006/zambia/presentations/02-03.pdf
Looking back at some older articles from 1998 there are references to GLONASS M1 and GLONASS M2.
News from Moscow No. 41/98QuoteFor GLONASS they have already implemented a small improvement to extend the life from 3 to 5 years. This modification is named GLONASS M1 to be still hermetically sealed. For GLONASS M2 they propose a new platform with the life extended to 7 to 10 years and decreased overall weight.
December 1998
…
PM-4.1 Satellite Bus
Applications
Navigation and geodetic satellites on
circular inclined orbits.
Characteristics
Orbit: 1000 to 20000 km, circular
Bus weight: 1180 kg
Payload weight: 340 kg
Bus power supply: 1590 W
Payload consumption: 1100 W
Orbital life: 7-10 years
Launcher: clustered launches on Proton with Breeze upper stage (Baikonur); single launches on Soyuz 2 with Fregat upper stage (Plesetsk)
Project: GLONASS-M (2000); Tsykada-M-UTTKh (2001); GEO-IK-2 (2002)
Also included is an accurate picture of what the GLONASS-M did turn out.
News from Moscow No. 1/99QuoteSpeaking of the future GLONASS launches, Mr. Milov said that build and assembly of the first GLONASS M satellite were not yet complete, so two options are looked at now for the next GLONASS launch: either three standard GLONASS satellites or two standard
January 1999
GLONASS + one GLONASS M1.
Mr. Milov, deputy director of the Russian Space Agency
The next launch did not occur until October 2000.
14F17 is associated with Kosmos-2382; but the following article just seems to confuse things.
http://lnfm1.sai.msu.ru/~turyshev/material/Shargorodsky-laser-ranging-1uas-2007.pdfQuoteТип КА Высота орб. км Год запуска Кол. КА Кол. СВ на КА Размер системы ретрорефлт.,мм ГЛОНАСС-М (Россия) 19 100 2000 1 132 ∅1660-∅2380 ГЛОНАСС 14Ф17 19 100 2002 1 124 804х804(крест. зона) ГЛОНАСС М2 19 100 2003 1 112 ∅1510-∅2311 ГЛОНАСС 19 100 2003 2 132 ∅1660-∅2380
Another way to refer to GLONASS-K1 is GLONASS-K block I; and GLONASS-K2 as GLONASS-K block II. It sounds like the first K2 will be satellite number 13.
http://www.iss-reshetnev.com/images/File/magazin/2010/m11-screen_en.pdf
The 11F654 Uragan GLONASS satellites also underwent several iterations starting with block I (1413, 1490, 1491, 1519, 1520, 1554, 1555, 1593, 1594, 1650), IIA (Kosmos 1651, 1710, 1711, 1778, 1779, 1780, 1987, 2022, 2023), block IIB (Kosmos 1838, 1839, 1840, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1946, 1947, 1948) and then block IIV (I’m working off some scribbled notes so I might have made a mistake with those numbers). -
#686 by Danderman on 16 Dec, 2011 02:16
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
-
#687 by Stan Black on 16 Dec, 2011 06:40
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
Could they have been weighed and balanced during manufacture? What about telemetry? -
#688 by Phillip Clark on 16 Dec, 2011 12:20
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
I had always assumed that the four strap-ons were identical and wondered if the desigators might have related to the orientation of the launcher on the pad: N, S, E and W or something similar. -
#689 by JayP on 16 Dec, 2011 13:54
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
I had always assumed that the four strap-ons were identical and wondered if the desigators might have related to the orientation of the launcher on the pad: N, S, E and W or something similar.
That doesnt work. The Rusian words for North, East, South and West are; Север, Восток, Юг, Запад.
The equivelent cyrillic letters for B, V, G, D are; Б, В, Г, Д which are the 2nd thru 5th letters respectively in the russian alphabet. Effectively in english, the core is "A" and the boosters are "B", "C", "D" and "E" except that cyrillic letters are mapped to latin letters by sound not order of the alphabet. -
#690 by manboy on 06 Jan, 2012 11:46
-
Does anyone have quality pictures of Salyut 1 through 6?
-
#691 by Phillip Clark on 08 Jan, 2012 10:24
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
I had always assumed that the four strap-ons were identical and wondered if the desigators might have related to the orientation of the launcher on the pad: N, S, E and W or something similar.
That doesnt work. The Rusian words for North, East, South and West are; Север, Восток, Юг, Запад.
The equivelent cyrillic letters for B, V, G, D are; Б, В, Г, Д which are the 2nd thru 5th letters respectively in the russian alphabet. Effectively in english, the core is "A" and the boosters are "B", "C", "D" and "E" except that cyrillic letters are mapped to latin letters by sound not order of the alphabet.
Sorry but I wasn't suggesting that B, V, G and D were abbreviations for the Russian words for North, South, East and West. I was simply thinking that perhaps the designators indicated the orientation of the strap-ons to the compass points. -
#692 by Phillip Clark on 08 Jan, 2012 10:26
-
Does anyone have quality pictures of Salyut 1 through 6?
It is possible that they do not exist. After all the Soviets weren't taking photos with a view to a high-definition digital future when things would be so open with the West! -
#693 by JayP on 08 Jan, 2012 17:39
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
I had always assumed that the four strap-ons were identical and wondered if the desigators might have related to the orientation of the launcher on the pad: N, S, E and W or something similar.
That doesnt work. The Rusian words for North, East, South and West are; Север, Восток, Юг, Запад.
The equivelent cyrillic letters for B, V, G, D are; Б, В, Г, Д which are the 2nd thru 5th letters respectively in the russian alphabet. Effectively in english, the core is "A" and the boosters are "B", "C", "D" and "E" except that cyrillic letters are mapped to latin letters by sound not order of the alphabet.
Sorry but I wasn't suggesting that B, V, G and D were abbreviations for the Russian words for North, South, East and West. I was simply thinking that perhaps the designators indicated the orientation of the strap-ons to the compass points.
Then perhaps you can supply a logical method to get from cardinal points of the compass to those letters to defend your hypothesis. (I'll give you another point to think about, the strap-ons are oriented NE, SE, SW, and NW on the pad at Baikonur).
I still say it is nothing more sophisticated than alphabetical order. -
#694 by manboy on 08 Jan, 2012 19:25
-
I know that it's a possibility but it just seems like it would be so unusual not to after NASA had taken so many iconic shots from the moon landings.Does anyone have quality pictures of Salyut 1 through 6?
It is possible that they do not exist. After all the Soviets weren't taking photos with a view to a high-definition digital future when things would be so open with the West! -
#695 by Phillip Clark on 14 Jan, 2012 10:25
-
I'm sorry if this is the wrong thread. But is there any difference between the Blocks B, V, G, D on a Soyuz rocket? Because I would naturally expect them to be the same. But naming with different letters, usually reserved for stages, sort of confuses me.
I am not aware of any differences among the 4 strap-ons. Why these are allocated letters, rather than some other system is probably an artifact of the very rushed schedule to produce the early ICBM.
I had always assumed that the four strap-ons were identical and wondered if the desigators might have related to the orientation of the launcher on the pad: N, S, E and W or something similar.
That doesnt work. The Rusian words for North, East, South and West are; Север, Восток, Юг, Запад.
The equivelent cyrillic letters for B, V, G, D are; Б, В, Г, Д which are the 2nd thru 5th letters respectively in the russian alphabet. Effectively in english, the core is "A" and the boosters are "B", "C", "D" and "E" except that cyrillic letters are mapped to latin letters by sound not order of the alphabet.
Sorry but I wasn't suggesting that B, V, G and D were abbreviations for the Russian words for North, South, East and West. I was simply thinking that perhaps the designators indicated the orientation of the strap-ons to the compass points.
Then perhaps you can supply a logical method to get from cardinal points of the compass to those letters to defend your hypothesis. (I'll give you another point to think about, the strap-ons are oriented NE, SE, SW, and NW on the pad at Baikonur).
I still say it is nothing more sophisticated than alphabetical order.
I think that this is getting overly complicated! My hypothesis was simply that the strap-on designators B, V, G and D might simply relate to the orientation of the launch vehicle sitting on the pad and by implication relating to compass points. Of course, the orientation to the compass would differ from one launch pad to the other. I have never suggested that the four letters relate to the names of the cardinal points of the compass or anything like that.
Of course, it could be that Korolyov decided on B, V, G and D over B1, B2, B3 and B4 to reflect four strap-ons being used.
Unless someone finds a rationalisation hidden OKB-1's documentation from the 1950s, I doubt that we will really know. -
#696 by dcporter on 14 Jan, 2012 13:21
-
I think that this is getting overly complicated!
That's the main problem with the compass points theory. Not needed to explain why they named the boosters B, C, D & E in the local dialect.Of course, the orientation to the compass would differ from one launch pad to the other.
I believe you've found the logical disproof to the theory. Sounds like we can be pretty sure we really know.
snip
Unless someone finds a rationalisation hidden OKB-1's documentation from the 1950s, I doubt that we will really know. -
#697 by Nicolas PILLET on 17 Jan, 2012 16:02
-
I don't understand what I see on these pictures...
-
#698 by lucspace on 17 Jan, 2012 16:19
-
The forward docking port of Salyut 4 in the MIK during launch preparation.
-
#699 by Nicolas PILLET on 17 Jan, 2012 16:25
-
It was my first thought, but what are the four circles on the forward side ?
And the second picture shows the prime and backup crews of Soyuz-30 spacecraft. These crews had been selected several years after the launch of Salyut-4...