OCR and Bing translation:
https://www.weibo.com/5616492130/Jjcp1d6JE?from=page_1005055616492130_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime&type=comment#_rnd1599288497326China's development of reusable space vehicles is expected to make its first flight in 2020.
Take off like a rocket, land like a plane.
China's reusable space vehicles are expected to be launched in 2020
Cheap and convenient transportation to and from the world has always been the goal of space technology development. SpaceX, which has made a name for it in recent years, is taking a leap forward in reducing space costs by taking advantage of the recovery and reuse of the Falcon 9 rocket. Science and Technology Daily reporter recently learned from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the Institute is the United Nations in cooperation with the advantages of institutions to develop reusable vehicles, and plans to be the first "around 2020." Its ultimate goal is not only to reduce the transportation cost per unit of payload to one-tenth of the existing one-time launch vehicle, but also to significantly reduce the launch preparation time, which is expected to be like the "aircraft" to achieve flight-to-earth round-trip transportation.
The first level of "back" is the second level, can fly once a day a hospital research and development center general room director Chen Hongbo in an interview with Science and Technology Daily, said, reusable carrier, refers to the ability to use their own power to carry people or effective altar load into a predetermined orbit, and division from the orbit back to the ground, can be repeated many times to make the lifting transport. According to different categories can be divided into partial reuse and complete repetition (e.g. space shuttle, Falcon 9 rocket, etc. are part of the reuse, the United Kingdom is developing the "cloud tower" space vehicle is completely reused); According to the active form is divided into rocket power and suction type of combined power) by stage is divided into single-stage orbit and multi-stage orbit (generally two-stage orbit-oriented) according to the take-off mode is divided into vertical take-off / vertical landing, vertical take-off / horizontal landing and horizontal take-off and landing. Chen Hongbo said, "China is developing a reusable vehicle with the characteristics of both spacecraft and aircraft." Compared with the traditional one-time rocket, our country is based on the current rocket engine, through technical improvements to make it re-use. After completing its first flight around 2020, several more flights will be made in a row to verify its ability to rapidly re-launch and repeat. The XS-1(experimental space model, using vertical launch, horizontal landing mode), led by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Program, also plans to complete flight tests by 2020. Compared to the Falcon 9, the vehicle is combined and recycled in a different way. Chen Hongbo said that the Falcon 9 and the traditional rocket, each sub-stage is playing in series. The launcher starts in the same way as conventional rockets, is vertical launch, but the preferred solution is to let one or two stages of the joint combination, the first stage back "good second stage, the second stage of the aircraft body set up payload ship." At the time of recovery, the Falcon 9 is a vertical landing meter offshore platform or land recovery area, and the second level of recovery has not yet been achieved. After completing their respective tasks, the re-useable carrier's first and second stages will return to the landing site and land horizontally on the runway like an aircraft.
SpaceX has claimed that it could reduce the cost of space launches by 80 percent in the future, with the help of a first-class recovery of Falcon 9. The goal of our country's repeated use of the carrier is similar. Chen Hongbo said, "The carrier is designed to reuse more than 20 times, the initial goal is to reduce the cost per unit of payload transportation to the current one-fifth, the future is expected to be reduced to 10 percent in addition to reducing launch costs, the launch cycle of the vehicle will be greatly shortened." Science and Technology Daily reporter learned that the traditional rocket launch preparation time is often as long as several months, even the domestic small rocket known for its fast "fast boat" series, preparation time also takes about a week. Chen Hongbo revealed that the carrier will introduce the aviation field of rapid detection concepts and technology, and strive to have the ability to fly once a day. However, the ultimate goal of reusable spacecraft is still a single-stage orbitable "air-space layer machine" that can take off and land horizontally like a machine. In order to improve the flight efficiency in the atmosphere, a combination of turbo engine, stamping engine and rocket is required. Science and Technology Daily reporter learned that the current domestic has carried out relevant research. But Chen Hongbo said, "The technology is difficult, it is expected that it will take another 15 years or so to make a breakthrough, with engineering application capacity." And the rocket-powered form is now more mature,
China's development of reusable space vehicle space station astronauts do not have to worry / cut off smoke from the appearance, China's repeated research makes the carrier and traditional rockets the most significant difference, is that its first and second stages are equipped with aircraft-like "wings" panting Chen Hongbo said, in order to achieve horizontal landing recovery, the first and second stages need to have the maple wing of the aircraft, for its horizontal landing on the runway to provide sufficient lift. To this end, the Institute signed an agreement with the School of Aeronautics and Astronautics of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the two sides will carry out in-depth cooperation in the design of elastic loads and fatigue payload spectromets for winged spacecraft. The merits of load design will determine the technical advancedness and carrying capacity of the carrier. Chen Hongbo said the payload refers to the force of the aircraft during the mission. If the load design is too conservative, it will lead to the heavy structure of the aircraft, loss of carrying capacity; Too much risk may lead to weak structural skeleton design, affecting the safety of the line. In order to meet the demand of the carrier's reuse and high frequency transmission, it is necessary to absorb the technical method of aircraft carrier load design. "Target the world to break," the 19th Congress report said. Reporters learned that technology represents the forefront of the world's science and technology, can drive advanced materials, advanced manufacturing, control, pneumatic and other disciplines of basic theoretical research and technological innovation. At the same time, its application prospects are extremely widespread. According to reports, I expect to complete the research and development of lama carriers and related flight tests by 2030, when it is expected to become the world's first fully and fully developed vehicles. Chen Hongbo said that the carrier is mainly aimed at orbits of 300 to 500 kilometers altitude, to meet the future of "fast, reliable and inexpensive space transportation needs." For example, can assume the future of China's space station personnel, material transportation tasks, but also to meet the dual-use payload launch needs, but also to develop space tourism and other civilian industries. As you can imagine, future astronauts living on the space station will no longer have to worry about "breaking up", and more people will have the opportunity to travel to space to see the beautiful scenery. (Reporter Fu Yi) Minchi.