Author Topic: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation  (Read 194989 times)

Online ulm_atms

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #320 on: 03/14/2023 10:30 pm »
Hopefully they don't use the most gawd awful connectors some other company uses.....  One of the few times I have wanted to beat Elon over the head as his whole moto is basically simple/off the shelf and then he allows the worse connectors for it's use case to be used.

Kuiper, waterproof RJ45 cables/connectors is a solved issue.  Don't try to reinvent what isn't broke.

Now...What I am more interested in is price of service/terms.

Offline edzieba

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #321 on: 03/15/2023 09:31 am »
Hopefully they don't use the most gawd awful connectors some other company uses.....  One of the few times I have wanted to beat Elon over the head as his whole moto is basically simple/off the shelf and then he allows the worse connectors for it's use case to be used.

Kuiper, waterproof RJ45 cables/connectors is a solved issue.  Don't try to reinvent what isn't broke.

Now...What I am more interested in is price of service/terms.
Rock and a hard place. Use a standard 8P8C plug, and people will connect it to 8P8C equipment expecting it to conform to standards (it doesn't, Starlink pulls above 150W in deicing mode, well above any PoE standard available) and complain when their hardware releases the magic blue smoke, or just does not function properly. Use a non-standard connector, people will complain about carrying a standard protocol (802.3ab) over a non-standard connector.
It also does not help that there is no standard for an IP-rated 8P8C connector, just a bunch of proprietary options from multiple vendors that have no guarantee of - or even attempt at - any cross-compatibility.

Online ulm_atms

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #322 on: 03/15/2023 11:28 am »
Hopefully they don't use the most gawd awful connectors some other company uses.....  One of the few times I have wanted to beat Elon over the head as his whole moto is basically simple/off the shelf and then he allows the worse connectors for it's use case to be used.

Kuiper, waterproof RJ45 cables/connectors is a solved issue.  Don't try to reinvent what isn't broke.

Now...What I am more interested in is price of service/terms.
Rock and a hard place. Use a standard 8P8C plug, and people will connect it to 8P8C equipment expecting it to conform to standards (it doesn't, Starlink pulls above 150W in deicing mode, well above any PoE standard available) and complain when their hardware releases the magic blue smoke, or just does not function properly. Use a non-standard connector, people will complain about carrying a standard protocol (802.3ab) over a non-standard connector.
It also does not help that there is no standard for an IP-rated 8P8C connector, just a bunch of proprietary options from multiple vendors that have no guarantee of - or even attempt at - any cross-compatibility.
Exactly though.  Starlink is asking more of that connector power wise then it can really support with any margin.  I can guarantee that RJ45 can handle more current safer then the connector it comes with.

As far as the connectors, you just need the connector at the dish waterproof.  I deal with this all the time.  Standard 1" waterproof cable connectors (https://www.adafruit.com/product/827)  Starlink just so happens to have a 1" pole for this.  I always wondered why they didn't just do RJ45 with a waterproof connector facing down.  Would of worked great IMO.

Most people I have never heard complain of what power standard Starlink was using or whatnot, they are irritated that they can't use simple things to fix the thing that seems to break the most.  Starlink was for "rural" and off grid places with no other options.  The people out there usually like spare parts because things do break and a quick trip into town is not quick.

But this is about Kuiper.  I just hope they use friendlier connectors...that is all.

Offline andrewi

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #323 on: 03/16/2023 12:24 pm »
Updating previous post seeing I got some encouragement -  Long post but alot of moving parts to bring the Kuiper project to a successful conclusion.  This summarises where most things stand and what has to go right.....  A few lines off topic but to explain thinking behind this post.

Commercial Launch Price/Performance Points - from https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=55606.msg2331202#msg2331202
Thank you DemoisDream  (I have added New Glenn from other sources in this thread)
Launcher           Atlas-551 Vulcan-VC6 Arianne-64  Arianne-64(II) NewGlenn    F9R
Cost ($M)             153         122           131            131                 200            55
LEO (t ie1000kg)   18.8        27.2          21.6           24.6               36.9           15.7
# sats @604kg      31           45             35             40                  61              25
per Sat($M)        4.935      2.711        3.743          3.275             3.279          2.200
purchased              9            38             2               16                 12(15opt)      0

Determining that actual price paid by Amazon for the launches is not easy due to the ambiguity in the press releases
Amazon said it purchased (83 launches minus the 15 NG options) the 68 launches on new launch vehicles for 7 Billion . This was after it announced the 9 Atlas purchases so inferring paid separately for them - so we have 68 launches for 7 Billion which averages as 103 million per launch.

Which is a big volume discount on above prices.
 
Similarly we can determine the satellites launched per vehicle and number of launches VC6@45*38 is 1710, A64(I)@35*2 is 70, A64(II)@40*16 is 640, and NG@61*12 is 732 - for a total of 3172 sats launched for contracted 7 billion is 2.279 million per satellite deployment costs. 

Which is not that much more than the 2.200 million for F9R at advertised single launch prices (well $79,000*3172 sats is approx $250 million difference - not much of a saving from $7 Billion!)  Amazon is getting quite the discount from the launch providers.
It is like Amazon said match the SpaceX advertised price or else?  The contracts would be interesting reading - where launch services included (hard to determine those with out knowing sat requirements - which are yet to be validated?) so launch providers may be looking to recoup there.

https://spaceflightnow.com/2022/04/05/amazon-books-up-to-83-launches-with-ula-arianespace-and-blue-origin/
All 18 of Arianespace’s flights for Amazon will use the Ariane 64 rocket configuration with four solid rocket boosters clustered around the main cryogenic stage. Sixteen of the missions will utilize uprated versions of the Ariane 64 with higher power solid-fueled boosters.

Add in the 9 Atlas@31 per is an additional 279 sats for a total of 3351 sats placed by contracted launches (more than the required constellation of 3232 modified from the original 3236 sats) plus options on 15 more NG launches (915 sats - a start to replacement?).

Note as these are all new launchers (Vulcan, Arianne 6 and NG) and the Kuiper satellites awaiting validation of test sats, so all the figures on launch cost, payload and sat numbers are subject to adjustment - the launchers may have more or less payload, the production sats maybe lighter or heavier. 

The 9 Atlas launches are awaiting production Kuiper Sats, which in turn are waiting on validation of the test sats that have been built and shipped to ULA. 

First flight of Vulcan (VC2S - 2 solid boosters, short fairing, two RL-10 centaur upper stage) is scheduled for May this year with the Peregrine lunar lander (which is running late).

https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/innovation-at-amazon/amazons-project-kuiper-satellites-will-fly-on-the-new-vulcan-centaur-rocket-in-early-2023
- deploy both satellites (Kuipersat-1 and Kuipersat-2)  on the first flight of United Launch Alliance's (ULA) new Vulcan Centaur rocket. 
- the prototype satellites are scheduled to share the ride with the Peregrine lunar lander, a NASA-funded spacecraft from Astrobotic.
- also plan to retain two launches with ABL Space Systems, which was originally slotted to carry our two prototype satellites using its all-new RS1 rocket.

Note - The second scheduled flight of Vulcan in August (VC4L - 4 solid boosters, long fairing, two RL-10 centaur upper stage) is the Dream Chaser Cargo 1 flight to ISS) (which is running late as well?).

So the test sats (built and with ULA) are expected launch on first Vulcan launch in May 2023. 

Given validation of test Kuiper sats and Vulcan launcher is signed off the earliest production Kuiper sat launch would be late 2023 (maybe longer if a VC6 (6 solid boosters) has any delays eg unexpected behaviour in Vulcan flight 2 a VC4L?  Given Amazon has to share Vulcan with USGov
- no more than 4 Kuiper Vulcan launches in 2024 (inc a late 2023 launch)
- and probably all 9 Atlas Kuiper launches in 2024 (need to retire pad to be remodelled for Vulcan?)
- probably 8 Kuiper Vulcan launches in 2025 - if anyone can scale quickly it is ULA - but it is an unparalleled scale?
- probably 6 Kuiper launches in first half of 2026 that will be in correct orbit to meet FCC July 30th deadline.

Next provider - Arianne Space

https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/science/arianespace-ramp-up-full-ariane-6-rocket-launch-rate-2026-ceo-2022-11-16/
Europe's Arianespace expects to launch its first Ariane 6 rocket by the end of the fourth quarter of 2023
- has secured 29 launches for the delayed Ariane 6 programme, 18 of them for an Amazon.com
- is planning four to five Ariane 6 launches in 2024
- followed by eight in 2025
- before reaching its full planned rate of nine to 11 annually in 2026, he said, though depending on demand that could increase.
- Amazon will be a customer for Ariane 6 Block II, a more powerful version of the rocket, enter operation in the second half of 2025
that is expected to receive development funding approval at a European Space Agency ministerial meeting next week and , Arianespace Chief Executive Stephane Israel said.

Amazon will have to share Arianne 6 with Europe - which has 11 non Amazon launches booked already.  So given above.
- only 2 block 1 A64(I) launches bought - so only 2 Kuiper Arianne 6 launches until second half 2025.
- 3 block2 Kuiper A64(II) launches in 2025  (unlikely as this is nearly all of the second half 2025 launches)
- 3 block2 Kuiper A64(II) launches in first half 2026 that will be in correct orbit to meet FCC July 30th deadline.

Next Provider - BO and New Glenn (NG) - wild assed guessing time.... nothing much to go on but money spent has to buy something...
- earliest Kuiper NG launch last qtr 2024 (will they have the excess satellite production to take a chance on first NG launch?)
- 2 more in 2025
- 1 more in 2026 before first half of 2026 that will be in correct orbit to meet FCC July 30th deadline.
(basically going with 4 Kuiper launches before first FCC deadline)
I don't see NG being reusable until after 2026.  The future costs of Kuiper replacement satellites (starting 2029 - five years after version 1 Kuiper stats launched hopefully in 2024) will depend upon a re-usable NG.  Once NG has a reliable re-usable 1st stage booster then Kuiper will be in a position to compete with Starlink more on price - or have better margins.

So my 2 cent analysis gives this Kuiper launch profile
Launcher    Atlas  VC6  A64(I)  A64(II) NG    F9R
2024           9        4      2        0         1        0 
2025           0        8      0        3         2        0
2026.5        0        6      0       3          1        0   
sats per     31      45     35      40       61      25
total        279     810    70     240     244        0  is 1643 (required 1616 for FCC 2026 July 30th)

So while this is does not allow for much slippage - esp depends on a big ramp from ULA (and BO with BE-4 engines) it is still possible.
Very probable if buy some F9R launches as contingency - talk now sign a contract at start of 2025 should see upto 8 F9R launches between 2025.5 and 2026.5 to surge upto 200 missing sats.  Amazon couldn't afford not to do it (miss FCC deadline) probably penalties in other vendor contracts and SpaceX - a launch is a launch - they have launched Irridium II (Globalstar), Orb3M, Intelsat, Eutelsat, WorldVision, and OneWeb.  I think SpaceX happy in their margins (Starlink) not to be threatened by Kuiper (Amazon) and Musk would love to have one over Jeff(BO) and perhaps Tony(ULA).

ULA and Vulcan are the key piece for Amazon meeting FCC 2026 - 1089 sats of 1616 required on this projection.  The sale of ULA (except to current half owner LockHeed Martin - I don't see Boeing (other half) having the money in fact why it is for Sale, as Boeing needs the money) is a risk for Amazon.

Who ever buys (or looking to buy) ULA will be going over the Amazon Kuiper contract very carefully.

Amazon had some big risks with Kuiper that are slowly being met. 
 - The customer terminal design seems to be meeting its goals and production facility being provisioned.
 - The test satellites are built and awaiting launch - Satellite production facility built.
 - contracts in place to meet first FCC deadline with launch providers - but unproven launch vehicles.
 - need some big client wins - AWS internal use will help, will certainly see network provisioning for business as a product, as will Amazon Prime Video etc

So our cup runneth over for new launchers in the next few years - with other rockets due soon RS1 (ABL), Neutron (RocketLab), Terran-R (Relativity) and MLV (Firefly - previously Beta but now single stick with AR1 engine).

So envious of those that can physically pull up and chair and watch these babies launch!  Just have to watch from the sidelines...


Offline RedLineTrain

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #324 on: 03/16/2023 04:06 pm »
Regarding the FCC deadline, that's probably much less of an issue than believed.  Practically speaking, the FCC is not going to deny a request for time extension from Amazon.  They just aren't.

Offline TrevorMonty

Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #325 on: 03/16/2023 06:18 pm »
Regarding the FCC deadline, that's probably much less of an issue than believed.  Practically speaking, the FCC is not going to deny a request for time extension from Amazon.  They just aren't.
Especially if Amazon has deployed most of first batch.

Online DanClemmensen

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #326 on: 03/16/2023 06:21 pm »
Regarding the FCC deadline, that's probably much less of an issue than believed.  Practically speaking, the FCC is not going to deny a request for time extension from Amazon.  They just aren't.
Is this only an FCC deadline or is it also an ITU deadline?

Offline RedLineTrain

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #327 on: 03/16/2023 07:46 pm »
Regarding the FCC deadline, that's probably much less of an issue than believed.  Practically speaking, the FCC is not going to deny a request for time extension from Amazon.  They just aren't.
Is this only an FCC deadline or is it also an ITU deadline?

The ITU deadlines are much more lenient than the FCC deadlines, so I doubt that it would make a difference, so long as Amazon is making a good effort to launch.

ITU
1 satellite within 7 years of application
10% within 9 years of application
50% within 12 years of application
100% within 14 years of application
« Last Edit: 03/16/2023 07:47 pm by RedLineTrain »

Offline FutureSpaceTourist

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #328 on: 04/22/2023 06:07 pm »
https://twitter.com/sciguyspace/status/1649836455324164097

Quote
Here's some interesting speculation about the business case for Project Kuiper. On thing I can add is that the $10 billion investment Amazon says it is making in Kuiper is likely far below the real amount. I heard they're spending close to that for Vulcan launches/support alone.

https://illdefined.space/2023/04/20/amazon-kuiper-more-than-leo-broadband/

Offline Asteroza

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #329 on: 07/18/2023 10:47 pm »
Recent post about New Glenn's Project Jarvis reusable upper stage led me to stumble on a Blue Origin satellite deployment patent that may be relevant to Kuiper satellite design.

https://patents.google.com/patent/US11649074B1/en?assignee=Blue+Origin+LLC&oq=Blue+Origin+LLC+&page=3

This seems to suggest a hexagon stack arrangement with three satellite tiles per layer, each satellite being roughly diamond shaped (well, clipped diamond/squashed pentagon).

The patent also specifically calls out a split deployment method, implying the second stage does some maneuvering to send the second half of the payload stack to a different orbit.


It's just a patent so doesn't necessarily mean Kuiper sats are this design, but does this imply Kuiper is getting on the flatpack satellite bandwagon? Which way would these tiles fly? Solar panel arrangements?

Offline FutureSpaceTourist

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #330 on: 07/21/2023 04:33 pm »
https://twitter.com/spaceflorida/status/1682385871599722496

Quote
Proud to announce @Amazon’s Project Kuiper has expanded to Florida, investing $120 million into the construction of a satellite processing facility at Space Florida’s Launch and Landing Facility! 🛰️ 💫 @LtGovNunez @NASAKennedy

Offline FutureSpaceTourist

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #331 on: 07/21/2023 04:38 pm »
twitter.com/thesheetztweetz/status/1682375024999555074

Quote
Amazon will invest $120 million to build a Project Kuiper internet satellite processing facility at Space Florida's LLF at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, as the tech giant prepares for launches to begin:

https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/21/amazon-kuiper-to-build-satellite-prep-facility-in-florida.html

https://twitter.com/thesheetztweetz/status/1682375261742854144

Quote
Amazon still plans to fly Kuiper's prototypes on the inaugural launch of ULA's Vulcan, recently delayed to Q4.

Although it "can work with" the new timeline, Amazon is "looking at all options available to us to get the prototypes up in a timely manner."

Offline FutureSpaceTourist

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #332 on: 07/21/2023 04:39 pm »
https://twitter.com/stephenclark1/status/1682381863992672263

Quote
Here’s a look at the satellite processing facility under construction at Kennedy Space Center for Amazon’s Kuiper broadband constellation. This facility will support satellite and dispenser integration, followed by encapsulation inside ULA and Blue Origin payload fairings.

Offline harrystranger

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #333 on: 07/22/2023 01:09 am »

Offline Rebel44

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #334 on: 08/01/2023 11:07 am »
SpaceX's comments on Kuiper's application SAT-MOD-20230228-00043

Quote
rather than “accelerate the timeline” for
deployment of its commercial constellation, Amazon’s modification appears designed expressly
to enable further delay. As explained below, it seems that Amazon will use this modification—
and the ITU modification it proposes to file along with it—to falsely claim that it has brought its
commercial system into use whenever it finally gets around to launching its two experimental
satellites, while the timeline for its actual commercial deployment remains highly uncertain.

The ITU Radio Regulations require an operator to bring its satellite
constellation into use by launching a satellite into its filed-for constellation and operating within
seven years of initial filing (here, March 2026). By sneaking its two experimental satellites into
its filing to bring its entire three-thousand satellite commercial constellation into use, Amazon
seeks to conduct an end-run around its obligation to bring its commercial constellation into use by
that date. Further, Amazon appears poised to use its two experimental satellites to circumvent the
Commission’s deployment rules as well, including the still-effective unbuilt system rule and
fast approaching build-out deadlines for its gateway earth stations, for which it has not sought
extensions.

Amazon also asks to modify its authorized satellite configuration ostensibly to provide
better service to consumers. While such a request could serve the public interest, Amazon avoids
explaining how it can avoid collisions with thousands of Chinese satellites planned to share these
same orbits. This evasion is particularly troubling after Amazon’s insistence in response to a
SpaceX modification that Amazon’s system is incapable of sharing any overlapping altitudes with
other systems. Specifically, Amazon will need to share the 590-600 km altitude range that it
plans to use with a forthcoming Chinese system (ITU identifier GW-A59) with nearly 5,000
satellites. The Chinese have been launching satellites at an increasing clip, putting them well
ahead of Amazon, whose first test satellites have already been delayed by over a year. At this
rate, the Chinese system will likely be operational before Amazon launches its first commercial
satellite.

In opposing a SpaceX modification, Amazon
repeatedly and vehemently argued that its system was too fragile to operate anywhere near another
system. But Amazon’s reconfigured system will need to coexist with thousands of Chinese
satellites in similar orbits. Amazon avoided addressing this contradiction in the past by claiming
its plan was to hope that the Chinese system does not actually deploy. But as China begins to
actually launch its communications satellites in earnest, just crossing fingers is no longer a
sufficient strategy—if it ever was.

Online DanClemmensen

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #335 on: 08/01/2023 02:42 pm »
Back in March, @Andrewi provided an excellent, well-reasoned, and lengthy analysis of the required launches for Kuiper to meet the FCC deadline of 1616 satellites by 30 July 2026. He summarized in this table:
[...]
So my 2 cent analysis gives this Kuiper launch profile
Launcher    Atlas  VC6  A64(I)  A64(II) NG    F9R
2024           9        4      2        0         1        0 
2025           0        8      0        3         2        0
2026.5        0        6      0       3          1        0   
sats per     31      45     35      40       61      25
total        279     810    70     240     244        0  is 1643 (required 1616 for FCC 2026 July 30th)
[...]
As of last March, the schedule appeared to be tight but still possible given the announced intentions of the launch providers.

As of now, Vulcan, Arianne 6, and NG appear to have slipped a lot from Andrew's March baseline. The Atlas launches should be solid, but Kuiper might need to use one early for the experimental satellite pair.

I doubt that any of the three new LVs can ramp up as fast as projected: each of them would need to ramp up faster than any orbital LV has ramped up in the past. 50 years.


Offline ThatOldJanxSpirit

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #336 on: 08/02/2023 01:16 pm »
Back in March, @Andrewi provided an excellent, well-reasoned, and lengthy analysis of the required launches for Kuiper to meet the FCC deadline of 1616 satellites by 30 July 2026. He summarized in this table:
[...]
So my 2 cent analysis gives this Kuiper launch profile
Launcher    Atlas  VC6  A64(I)  A64(II) NG    F9R
2024           9        4      2        0         1        0 
2025           0        8      0        3         2        0
2026.5        0        6      0       3          1        0   
sats per     31      45     35      40       61      25
total        279     810    70     240     244        0  is 1643 (required 1616 for FCC 2026 July 30th)
[...]
As of last March, the schedule appeared to be tight but still possible given the announced intentions of the launch providers.

As of now, Vulcan, Arianne 6, and NG appear to have slipped a lot from Andrew's March baseline. The Atlas launches should be solid, but Kuiper might need to use one early for the experimental satellite pair.

I doubt that any of the three new LVs can ramp up as fast as projected: each of them would need to ramp up faster than any orbital LV has ramped up in the past. 50 years.

It’s more than just the slipping first launch dates and the wonderfully ambitious ramp rates.

From Next Spaceflight; fifteen Ariane 6 flights and eighteen Vulcan Centaur flights are manifested before July 26, the vast majority being government payloads. Only two are listed for Kuiper operational deployment.

I struggle to see either vehicle flying out this manifest in a thirty month period, and I really doubt that the governments that payed for these vehicles will delay payloads or switch LSP to help Amazon.

Now imagine BE-4 has a SNAFU like BE-3.

Ladies and gentlemen, place your bets.


Offline TrevorMonty

Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #337 on: 08/02/2023 01:39 pm »
Amazon may have to use RL Neutron and Firefly MLV to hit 2026 deadline, assuming these LVs are ready.

Offline Zed_Noir

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #338 on: 08/02/2023 01:50 pm »
.....

It’s more than just the slipping first launch dates and the wonderfully ambitious ramp rates.

From Next Spaceflight; fifteen Ariane 6 flights and eighteen Vulcan Centaur flights are manifested before July 26, the vast majority being government payloads. Only two are listed for Kuiper operational deployment.

I struggle to see either vehicle flying out this manifest in a thirty month period, and I really doubt that the governments that payed for these vehicles will delay payloads or switch LSP to help Amazon.

Now imagine BE-4 has a SNAFU like BE-3.

Ladies and gentlemen, place your bets.

It is a sucker bet. Since Amazon can get their constellation deployed on time by calling on the folks from Hawthorne. Heck they could be a volume user of the big shiny ship. Bezos is after all a gnomish business tycoon.

Online DanClemmensen

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Re: Amazon Project Kuiper Broadband Constellation
« Reply #339 on: 08/02/2023 03:19 pm »
Amazon may have to use RL Neutron and Firefly MLV to hit 2026 deadline, assuming these LVs are ready.
You are counting on two additional unflown LVs to solve the problem of using three unflown LVs. I think the same arguments apply. The first flight NET dates of the five (and mass to LEO) are projected as:
Vulcan Centaur: Q1 2024   (27 t)
Arianne 6: Q1 2024       (21t and 24t)
New Glenn: Q1 2024    (37 t)
Neutron: Q4 2024         (8 t)
Firefly MLV: 2025    (13 t)

With those modest LEO capacities, they would need even more launches in the less than 18 months from first flight to the deadline.

The only way I can see for Kuiper to meet the deadline is to use Falcon 9 or a Chinese LV.  Apparently, Chinese LVs cannot be used for legal reasons (ITAR ?). Kuiper would need the 8 Atlases plus 55 F9s to launch the 1616 satellites without depending on any other LV.  If they dither around until the last minute, they will need to launch more than one F9 per week, starting in June 2025. I assume the contract would need to be signed by about January 2025. But this is half of the total launch capacity for F9 in that period unless SpaceX makes a major commitment to expansion, so I think a deal this large would need to be complete by June 2024 at the latest. Sure, SpaceX wants to be using Starship by then, but now you are adding another new LV to the mix.


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