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#3420 by rfmwguy on 06 Mar, 2016 20:50
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Tangential alert - Speaking of experiments and implied rigorous standards, seems an emdrive antagonist has taken very controversial stand on the scientific method in a new paper to be delivered this year:
"Sean Carroll, a theorist at the Caltech Institute of Technology at Pasadena and a leading advocate of the multiverse, insists that if anyone is being unscientific, it is those physicists who seek to enforce outmoded philosophical principles and impossibly high standards. “People support these theories because they offer the best chance of providing a useful account of the data we actually do collect here in our universe.”
(Snip)
"A number of theories in contemporary physics and cosmology place an emphasis on features that are hard, and arguably impossible, to test. These include the cosmological multiverse as well as some approaches to quantum gravity. Worries have been raised that these models attempt to sidestep the purportedly crucial principle of falsifiability. Proponents of these theories sometimes suggest that we are seeing a new approach to science, while opponents fear that we are abandoning science altogether. I will argue that in fact these theories are straightforwardly scientific and can be evaluated in absolutely conventional ways, based on empiricism, abduction (inference to the best explanation), and Bayesian reasoning. The integrity of science remains intact."
http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=8323 -
#3421 by Josave on 06 Mar, 2016 20:51
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Quantum physics and quantum entanglement are usually thought to apply to small systems at low temperatures.
But when a system is not in thermal equilibrium, the temperature no longer provides the relevant energy scale against which to compare the system’s quantum behavior. What matters instead is an effective temperature, which can be much higher than the absolute one. This effective temperature is obtained by multiplying the absolute temperature by the rate at which the system approaches equilibrium divided by the driving frequency, the frequency of the signal with which the system is made to oscillate. See this article by Vlatko Vedral, “Quantum physics: Hot entanglement,” Nature 468: 769–770, 09 December 2010.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7325/full/468769a.html
So if in the EmDrive we can drive the system to oscillate within a shorter timescale than the time it takes to reach thermal equilibrium, then an entangled steady state can be attained at lower effective temperatures than the absolute one.
There are theoretical works in this area, see Fernando Galve (CSIC-Universitat Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, España), Leonardo A. Pachón (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia), y David Zueco (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España), “Bringing Entanglement to the High Temperature Limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105: 180501, 25 October 2010:
http://arxiv.org/abs/1002.1923
It is clear that current experimental EmDrive settings hardly can measure these effects, but this is at least a theoretical framework to explore. A long way to obtain useful thrust is for sure necessary.
The above mentioned article states that increasing the coupling between to macroscopic oscillators (a microwave example is suggested) can lead to observe quantum entanglement up to 100 kelvin. This effective (an real) temperature is obtained by multiplying the absolute temperature by the rate at which the system approaches equilibrium divided by the driving frequency, the frequency of the signal with which the system is made to oscillate.
“Entanglement creation by driving— We sketch here a simple idea of how to produce an entangled nonequilibrium state at high temperatures. It may provide a huge leap in experimental requirements , while in addition it definitely removes temperature from the list of possible criteria for classicality, the latter being an important theoretical topic”.
In a forced harmonic oscillator, the scale for observing quantum entanglement is calculated multiplying the measured temperature by the velocity of the approximation of the system to the equilibrium due to the forcing frequency. This is an important fact that the article proves.
Understanding the possibilities of this effect can bring us to design new experimental setups. The key here is a lot of work to learn how to play with entanglement. The article mentions how delocalization in space is attained. An example with coupling of microwave superconducting cavities is proposed.
Later, following some framework like MiHSC theory can be the pathway to create an open system, where mass and inertia are really understood (in an entangled system) and later manipulated in a controlled manner.
There is still hope for EmDrive and a lot of possibilities to explore!
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#3422 by SeeShells on 06 Mar, 2016 21:47
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http://arxiv.org/abs/0708.3519
In the paper, we show that there exists a close analogy between the behavior of de Broglie matter waves and that of electromagnetic waves inside a hollow waveguide, such that the guided photons can be treated as free massive particles subject to a relativistic quantum-mechanical equation. Inspired by the effective rest mass of guided photons and the zitterbewegung phenomenon of the Dirac electron, at variance with the well-known Higgs mechanism we present some different heuristic ideas on the origin of mass.
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#3423 by rfmwguy on 06 Mar, 2016 22:52
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Speed reading thru quantum entanglement in emdrive theory study...1.3 km loophole-free Bell test at room temperature. They've written a paper, but the promo vid is where its at for us visual types...nicely done. Be prepared Einstein fans...it gets a little "spooky".
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#3424 by qraal on 07 Mar, 2016 10:50
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Superconducting RF Cavities might not need cryogenics after all. This preprint appeared today:
373 K SuperconductorsQuoteIvan Zahariev Kostadinov
(Submitted on 4 Mar 2016)
Experimental evidence of superconductors with critical temperatures above 373K is presented. In a family of different compounds we demonstrate the superconductor state, the transition to normal state above 387K, an intermediate 242K superconductor, susceptibility up to 350K, I−V curves at 4.2K in magnetic field of 12T and current up to 60A, 300K Josephson Junctions and Shapiro steps with radiation of 5GHz to 21THz, 300K tapes tests with high currents up to 3000A and many THz images of coins and washers. Due to a pending patent, the exact chemical characterization and technological processes for these materials are temporarily withheld and will be presented elsewhere.
Unlike most HTS discussions this one showed actual test articles etc. Of course, it'll need extensive replication by other labs - something slowed down by the inventor's patent applications - but it could be very exciting indeed.
If the guy is making THz waves at high efficiency, then that alone is incredible. The Room Temp superconductors doubly so. -
#3425 by SeeShells on 07 Mar, 2016 15:04
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Speed reading thru quantum entanglement in emdrive theory study...1.3 km loophole-free Bell test at room temperature. They've written a paper, but the promo vid is where its at for us visual types...nicely done. Be prepared Einstein fans...it gets a little "spooky".
This is where I stand. I think it's nuts but I don't deny it's the way it works.
Shell -
#3426 by rfmwguy on 07 Mar, 2016 15:05
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Emdrive theory and Quantum Entanglement - Spent a lot of time refreshing myself on basic QM this weekend, looking for anything new and how it might relate. Its a familiar rabbit hole with lots of Sean Carroll type Multiverse and Ron Garrett type Zero Universe pronouncements. Garrett goes as far to say that Entanglement and Measurement are one in the same mathematical concept...okaaay. Multi or Zero? Who cares...
So QE is not going to be at the top of root causes for developing my Emdrive Theory. Esoteric math and biological awareness in a multiverse are more philosophical (you-know-what) than practical in my simple biological aware mind that exists in a zero universe. Back to looking at nuts and bolts of real world possibilities.
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#3427 by Rodal on 07 Mar, 2016 18:38
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Superconducting RF Cavities might not need cryogenics after all. This preprint appeared today:
373 K SuperconductorsQuoteIvan Zahariev Kostadinov
(Submitted on 4 Mar 2016)
Experimental evidence of superconductors with critical temperatures above 373K is presented. In a family of different compounds we demonstrate the superconductor state, the transition to normal state above 387K, an intermediate 242K superconductor, susceptibility up to 350K, I−V curves at 4.2K in magnetic field of 12T and current up to 60A, 300K Josephson Junctions and Shapiro steps with radiation of 5GHz to 21THz, 300K tapes tests with high currents up to 3000A and many THz images of coins and washers. Due to a pending patent, the exact chemical characterization and technological processes for these materials are temporarily withheld and will be presented elsewhere.
Unlike most HTS discussions this one showed actual test articles etc. Of course, it'll need extensive replication by other labs - something slowed down by the inventor's patent applications - but it could be very exciting indeed.
If the guy is making THz waves at high efficiency, then that alone is incredible. The Room Temp superconductors doubly so.
Yes, not the first time that room-temperature superconductors have been claimed. None of these room-temperature superconductor reports has ever been confirmed, including the one published in Nature by researchers of the Max Planck Institute:Quote from: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room-temperature_superconductorClaims of "near-room temperature" transient effects date from the early 1950s and some suggest that in fact the breakthrough might have been made more than once but could not be made stable enough and/or reproducible as the relationship between isotope number and Tc was not known at the time...
Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors, several materials have been reported to be room-temperature superconductors, although none of these reports has been confirmed.
In 2000, while extracting electrons from diamond during ion implantation work, Johan Prins claimed to have observed a phenomenon that he explained as room-temperature superconductivity within a phase formed on the surface of oxygen-doped type IIa diamonds in a 10−6 mbar vacuum.[5]
In 2003, a group of researchers published results on high-temperature superconductivity in palladium hydride (PdHx: x>1)[6] and an explanation in 2004.[7] In 2007 the same group published results suggesting a superconducting transition temperature of 260 K.[8] The superconducting critical temperature increases as the density of hydrogen inside the palladium lattice increases. This work has not been corroborated by other groups.
In 2012, an Advanced Materials article claimed superconducting behavior of graphite powder after treatment with pure water at temperatures as high as 300 K and above.[9] So far, the authors have not been able to demonstrate the occurrence of a clear Meissner phase and the vanishing of the material's resistance.
In 2014, an article published in Nature suggested that some materials, notably YBCO (yttrium barium copper oxide), could be made to superconduct at room temperature using infrared laser pulses.[10]
In 2015, an article published in Nature by researchers of the Max Planck Institute suggested that under certain conditions such as extreme pressure H2S transitioned to a superconductive form H3S at around 1.5 million times atmospheric pressure in a diamond anvil cell. The critical temperature is 203 K which would be the highest Tc ever recorded and their research suggests that other hydrogen compounds could superconduct at up to 260 K which would match up with the original research of Ashcroft.[1]
Other research also suggests a link between the palladium hydride containing small impurities of sulphur as a plausible explanation for the anomalous resistance drops noticed by other researchers, and hydrogen adsorption by cuprates has been suggested in light of the recent results in H2S as a plausible explanation for transient resistance drops or "USO" noticed in the 1990s during research after the discovery of YBCO.
Need to wait for independent confirmation. -
#3428 by rfmwguy on 07 Mar, 2016 19:16
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NSF-1701A Test Update -
E & H Meter, new Microwave Signal Level Meter and Ion Counter ordered and on their way. -
#3429 by qraal on 07 Mar, 2016 19:51
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Already noted
Superconducting RF Cavities might not need cryogenics after all. This preprint appeared today:
373 K SuperconductorsQuoteIvan Zahariev Kostadinov
...
Unlike most HTS discussions this one showed actual test articles etc. Of course, it'll need extensive replication by other labs - something slowed down by the inventor's patent applications - but it could be very exciting indeed.
If the guy is making THz waves at high efficiency, then that alone is incredible. The Room Temp superconductors doubly so.
Yes, not the first time that room-temperature superconductors have been claimed. None of these room-temperature superconductor reports has ever been confirmed, including the one published in Nature by researchers of the Max Planck Institute:
[..snip...]
Need to wait for independent confirmation. -
#3430 by Monomorphic on 07 Mar, 2016 22:13
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NSF-1701A Test Update -
E & H Meter, new Microwave Signal Level Meter and Ion Counter ordered and on their way.
Will you post what E & H meter you purchased? -
#3431 by spupeng7 on 07 Mar, 2016 23:24
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Emdrive theory and Quantum Entanglement - Spent a lot of time refreshing myself on basic QM this weekend, looking for anything new and how it might relate. Its a familiar rabbit hole with lots of Sean Carroll type Multiverse and Ron Garrett type Zero Universe pronouncements. Garrett goes as far to say that Entanglement and Measurement are one in the same mathematical concept...okaaay. Multi or Zero? Who cares...
So QE is not going to be at the top of root causes for developing my Emdrive Theory. Esoteric math and biological awareness in a multiverse are more philosophical (you-know-what) than practical in my simple biological aware mind that exists in a zero universe. Back to looking at nuts and bolts of real world possibilities.
Rfmwguy,
if complex time is a superior truth over human perception, then photons do not exist separate from the atoms that emit and absorb them. Quantum mechanics is then resolved without paradox and the reason I am trying to get my broken head around such a curly notion is because it may help us to understand and so improve our experiments. More on request.
(edited in: broken) -
#3432 by rfmwguy on 07 Mar, 2016 23:40
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I appreciate your thoughts on this...I am weak on theory and heavy on build and testing, so my comments tend to reflect my frustrations...No problem, I admire those who can truly wrap their mind around them.Emdrive theory and Quantum Entanglement - Spent a lot of time refreshing myself on basic QM this weekend, looking for anything new and how it might relate. Its a familiar rabbit hole with lots of Sean Carroll type Multiverse and Ron Garrett type Zero Universe pronouncements. Garrett goes as far to say that Entanglement and Measurement are one in the same mathematical concept...okaaay. Multi or Zero? Who cares...
So QE is not going to be at the top of root causes for developing my Emdrive Theory. Esoteric math and biological awareness in a multiverse are more philosophical (you-know-what) than practical in my simple biological aware mind that exists in a zero universe. Back to looking at nuts and bolts of real world possibilities.
Rfmwguy,
if complex time is a superior truth over human perception, then photons do not exist separate from the atoms that emit and absorb them. Quantum mechanics is then resolved without paradox and the reason I am trying to get my head around such a curly notion is because it may help us to understand and so improve our experiments. More on request.
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#3433 by rfmwguy on 07 Mar, 2016 23:54
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Yes, alpha lab trifield meter, which is a relative only E & H measurement, not true lab quality. Besides my budget being tight, the relative meter will be useful in trying to locate "hot spots" in locality around the frustum.NSF-1701A Test Update -
E & H Meter, new Microwave Signal Level Meter and Ion Counter ordered and on their way.
Will you post what E & H meter you purchased?
CE level EMI measurement labs are pretty common and I would trust them to get the exact values...if testing gets to that stage. Have done this before and am very comfortable with them. Best to leave that to the experts IMHO.
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#3434 by Monomorphic on 08 Mar, 2016 00:07
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I've seen others do this, but I think it is important to practice building a frustum before mangling $130 worth of copper.
I ordered my copper today and will be ordering one MHT1003N tomorrow.
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#3435 by dustinthewind on 08 Mar, 2016 00:36
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Speed reading thru quantum entanglement in emdrive theory study...1.3 km loophole-free Bell test at room temperature. They've written a paper, but the promo vid is where its at for us visual types...nicely done. Be prepared Einstein fans...it gets a little "spooky".
I remember hearing or reading some where that they didn't actually disprove the hidden variables, but I wasn't sure exactly why. I suppose this might be in contradiction to that, and it looks recent.
I am still unsure why it isn't as simple as piece A is in free space and locks into piece B (like puzzle pieces) in which case they become entangled and rotate with angular momentum, and if left undisturbed they remain entangled (rotating) even when separated such that when observed periodically the answer is yep, they are still 180 degrees out of phase and rotating with angular momentum. I would think the only hidden variable would be how they lock together and exchange momentum to reach equilibrium rotation. On the other hand, I am sure if I look into it more I would uncover why it is such a conundrum. Something I should look into. On second thought this brings back an old memory of the Stern-Gerlach experiment with electrons passing through a magnetic field and the electrons are always spin up or spin down and never in between. Almost like the measurement was forcing them into an exactly spin up or spin down. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment
Maybe our time is quantized and we can only observe them in intervals of exactly up or down. Or they only observe the magnet when they are exactly up or down. -
#3436 by ThinkerX on 08 Mar, 2016 00:37
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I've seen others do this, but I think it is important to practice building a frustum before mangling $130 worth of copper.
I ordered my copper today and will be ordering one MHT1003N tomorrow.
Might I suggest biting the bullet and seeking out a professional machinist? Perhaps a maker of musical instruments? -
#3437 by Monomorphic on 08 Mar, 2016 01:41
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Might I suggest biting the bullet and seeking out a professional machinist? Perhaps a maker of musical instruments?
Don't worry, won't be using tin snips here! I will likely have all major cuts made professionally. Shouldn't be too hard to find someone here in Atlanta.
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#3438 by meberbs on 08 Mar, 2016 02:11
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Speed reading thru quantum entanglement in emdrive theory study...1.3 km loophole-free Bell test at room temperature. They've written a paper, but the promo vid is where its at for us visual types...nicely done. Be prepared Einstein fans...it gets a little "spooky".
I remember hearing or reading some where that they didn't actually disprove the hidden variables, but I wasn't sure exactly why. I suppose this might be in contradiction to that, and it looks recent.
I am still unsure why it isn't as simple as piece A is in free space and locks into piece B (like puzzle pieces) in which case they become entangled and rotate with angular momentum, and if left undisturbed they remain entangled (rotating) even when separated such that when observed periodically the answer is yep, they are still 180 degrees out of phase and rotating with angular momentum.
...
I usually avoid quantum discussions online because it is so hard to explain clearly, but I'll give it a try with this. (Note my background in this area is theoretical, not experimental, so my description will probably not match the properties they use in an experimental measurement).
The depiction of 180 degrees out of phase isn't accurate. What they do is something like taking two electrons that each have spin (this is an intrinsic property of the electrons, and has constant magnitude). They set it up so that they know the spins are entangled such that the spins of each are in the exact opposite direction, but it is undetermined which is spinning clockwise and which is spinning counter clockwise. When you separate them, and then measure, conservation of momentum dictates that you get opposite measurements for each.
It is easy to think that each one had a momentum equal to the result of the measurement the whole time (i.e. the result was determined when the particles were separated, before any measurement was made). This is the idea behind "local hidden variable" theories. It turns out that there are measurements you can do (measuring the angular momentum at an angle to the original spin axis) that give different statistics depending on whether the spin direction was already fixed or was a weird mixture of spinning both clockwise and counterclockwise at the same time. It turns out that the second is true, which brings up the question how the other particle will always end up having had the opposite spin.
There is a such thing as "non-local hidden variable" theory which this experiment does not disprove, but almost no one bothers with it, because the "non-local" part means it still has the problem of FTL communication. (Note that due to the random nature of quantum, no useful FTL communication can come from this by definition, although it could be used in theory for secure communication)
*My description above pretends the particle is spinning purely about a known axis (I'll call this axis z). In reality, knowing the angular momentum about one axis means that the angular momentum around each of the x and y axis is completely unknown under the constraint that the total angular momentum must match the intrinsic momentum of the particle. This comes into play with why the Bell's Theorem experiment can measure the momentum at an off angle. -
#3439 by SeeShells on 08 Mar, 2016 02:20
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I used water jet cutting for my frustums. It will leave a light burr on the backside but can be removed.Might I suggest biting the bullet and seeking out a professional machinist? Perhaps a maker of musical instruments?
Don't worry, won't be using tin snips here! I will likely have all major cuts made professionally. Shouldn't be too hard to find someone here in Atlanta.
Shell
