I don't know the answer, but in the best NSF tradition, I can speculate...

My best speculation is that this pipe is a conduit for pressure and flow sensors mounted into this particular rainbird. It seems the right size for being an armored conduit for the wiring from a sensor package. It could also be used to pull water samples from the rainbird system, though I don't have any speculations as to why you would need water sampling from one end of the system.
The question would then be, why in the world would only
one of the rainbirds be fitted out with such a sensor package? Again, speculation is in order...
My first thought is that the rainbird in question is at the end of the plumbing run. You could get overall system pressure and flow information from the valving that feeds the system, but you might want the rainbird at the end of the run to show a minimum level of pressure and flow; by inference, all of the rest of the rainbirds farther up the run would then be considered to have sufficient pressure and flow. After all, you would then have measurements at both ends of the plumbing run.
If there is not a plumbing run -- i.e., if the rainbirds are fed from a single multi-plexing valve assembly that feeds each rainbird separately -- then perhaps they felt they only needed representative sensor data from one rainbird, from which they could extrapolate the performance of the rest. Not as likely, I think, as a plumbing run, but still possible.
So -- those are my best WAG speculations. If they help, wonderful. If not, sorry to waste y'all's time...