Author Topic: SpaceX, rapid reuse, and vertical rocket stacking (integration)  (Read 85405 times)

Offline Elmar Moelzer

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We have seen SpaceX do the lowering and raising of the LV pretty quickly in the past. Once horizontal it can be rotated for easy access. Integrating the current F9 vertically would require some very complex and tall structures and from what I understand, this problem is not going to get smaller with their future vehicles.
Complex and tall buildings are expensive.
I can see vertical integration only to make sense if the VTOL LV has a much larger diameter to length ratio, like say a DC-X or a Phoenix and is not quite as tall, or if the LV launches pretty much from where it landed and is a VTOL SSTO (which probably would have a large diameter to length ratio anyway). Then going horizontal becomes a lot less useful and much more complicated.
Current SpaceX vehicles both active and planned (that I know of anyway), are not like that. So the only justification seems to be customer request.
« Last Edit: 12/06/2013 06:17 pm by Elmar Moelzer »

Offline Nomadd

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how long does it take to cradle, tilt, and untilt IYO?

They have to cradle it somehow for moving, no matter moving horizontal or vertical.

Their declared aim is to go from hangar to launch in one hour. But that seems hard as it includes tanking and the whole launch sequence. But tilting horizontal and back should be less than that. I don't see them moving the vertical stage in that time by even only a few hundred meters.

I think if it can land on its legs, it can be towed on its legs.  You need to attach a dolly to each one, just like they do to skidded helicopters, but that's much simpler than attaching a cradle to an empty unpressurized tank.

It's not a fragile process, there's no alignment necessary etc.   Just one dolly at a time, it can be done pretty much manually by the tow-tractor driver.

The tractor can then move at least as fast as the one pushing your plane back at the airport, which is a good walking speed, and so 3-5 km/h.   If you're 1 km away, you're done in 10-20 minutes.  (and honestly I think you can drive faster...)

If you want to get fancier, you can invest in motorized, individually controlled dollies, and no tractor.
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Offline pathfinder_01

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Moving something as tall as a rocket in a vertical position will probably present more problems than it is worth. The height of the rocket would make moving it under things like bridges or anything else in the way difficult. The height could elevate the center of gravity making it tippy. The height could be acted on by high winds attempting to push it down.  Fluids that need to be drained before moving could be drained while the rocket is vertical and other fluid systems could be designed to stay in the tank when tilted over.

The rocket isn’t going to need to be turned around in minutes or hours like a car, race car, or airplane and working on it in an horizontal position gives lots of advantages ( safety for personal since they don’t need to climb on something or be in danger of dropping tools as much—i.e. most of the work being done on the ground.) and the rocket is already built to be worked on in an horizontal fashion.  The second stage is likewise currently built and matted on the ground.

About the only reason why rockets in the past used vertical integration was for performance reasons (i.e. design the thing to take loads in one direction only saving weight…even if adding processing costs).

Offline meekGee

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Moving something as tall as a rocket in a vertical position will probably present more problems than it is worth. The height of the rocket would make moving it under things like bridges or anything else in the way difficult. The height could elevate the center of gravity making it tippy. The height could be acted on by high winds attempting to push it down.  Fluids that need to be drained before moving could be drained while the rocket is vertical and other fluid systems could be designed to stay in the tank when tilted over.

The rocket isn’t going to need to be turned around in minutes or hours like a car, race car, or airplane and working on it in an horizontal position gives lots of advantages ( safety for personal since they don’t need to climb on something or be in danger of dropping tools as much—i.e. most of the work being done on the ground.) and the rocket is already built to be worked on in an horizontal fashion.  The second stage is likewise currently built and matted on the ground.

About the only reason why rockets in the past used vertical integration was for performance reasons (i.e. design the thing to take loads in one direction only saving weight…even if adding processing costs).

The premise was rapid reuse.  1-day turn-around or thereabouts.

I agree there's no point making any changes when you're only launching once a month.

The tail of a 747 is 65 feet, and you don't worry about it striking power lines or bridges between the terminal and the runway, right?  We're talking about a recurring operation here, not a one time exercise.

Center of gravity of an empty first stage - how high do you think that is?  I don't see why you'd have any problem with it, though I'd like to see the F9R with legs deployed first.
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Offline Jim

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The premise was rapid reuse.  1-day turn-around or thereabouts.

Hence this thread should be in the Advance topics, because that isn't near term or on the horizon.

Offline meekGee

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We have seen SpaceX do the lowering and raising of the LV pretty quickly in the past. Once horizontal it can be rotated for easy access. Integrating the current F9 vertically would require some very complex and tall structures and from what I understand, this problem is not going to get smaller with their future vehicles.
Complex and tall buildings are expensive.
I can see vertical integration only to make sense if the VTOL LV has a much larger diameter to length ratio, like say a DC-X or a Phoenix and is not quite as tall, or if the LV launches pretty much from where it landed and is a VTOL SSTO (which probably would have a large diameter to length ratio anyway). Then going horizontal becomes a lot less useful and much more complicated.
Current SpaceX vehicles both active and planned (that I know of anyway), are not like that. So the only justification seems to be customer request.

Which vehicle are you referring to?

I know of F9 and F9H, and all we know of them is that SpaceX intends to reuse cores with them - eventually.  Very far from rapid reuse.

There isn't a current market for rapid reuse, and as I said, Elon is too smart to jump into expensive infrastructure for a market that does not exist. 

The current mode of operations is perfectly suitable for the current and the near-term projected launch rate.
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Offline Elmar Moelzer

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Which vehicle are you referring to?

I know of F9 and F9H, and all we know of them is that SpaceX intends to reuse cores with them - eventually.  Very far from rapid reuse.

There isn't a current market for rapid reuse, and as I said, Elon is too smart to jump into expensive infrastructure for a market that does not exist. 

The current mode of operations is perfectly suitable for the current and the near-term projected launch rate.
Ok, either you did not understand my post, or I don't understand what you are trying to say.

Offline meekGee

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Which vehicle are you referring to?

I know of F9 and F9H, and all we know of them is that SpaceX intends to reuse cores with them - eventually.  Very far from rapid reuse.

There isn't a current market for rapid reuse, and as I said, Elon is too smart to jump into expensive infrastructure for a market that does not exist. 

The current mode of operations is perfectly suitable for the current and the near-term projected launch rate.
Ok, either you did not understand my post, or I don't understand what you are trying to say.

I picked up mostly on
Quote
Current SpaceX vehicles both active and planned (that I know of anyway), are not like that. So the only justification seems to be customer request.

But I guess you meant "like that" as in "like a wide diameter SSTO".

I agree that vertical processing is more appetizing in a vehicle as you describe - but I think a legged VTOL first stage is already past the threshold where it makes sense to keep it vertical.

I actually see almost no difference in processing between a VTOL SSTO and a VTOL first stage - up until the payload - but like I said before, payload integration is really a separate issue.
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Offline pathfinder_01

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The premise was rapid reuse.  1-day turn-around or thereabouts.

I agree there's no point making any changes when you're only launching once a month.

The tail of a 747 is 65 feet, and you don't worry about it striking power lines or bridges between the terminal and the runway, right?  We're talking about a recurring operation here, not a one time exercise.

Center of gravity of an empty first stage - how high do you think that is?  I don't see why you'd have any problem with it, though I'd like to see the F9R with legs deployed first.

Not quite. In the case of the 747 there are airports it can not land at due to short runways, lack of equipement or places to store and so on.  As for 1 day turn arounds I would love to see that one day but at the moment the entire world only launches maybe about 100 or a little over 100 times a year not 365 times from a single space port and to enable this you would need to have nothing in the way from the landing pad to the processing facility.

The reason you could have problems with the center of gravity is becuase the stage is empty(Propellant eqauals weight). The stage is also lacking the wieght of the other stages on top of it and to add icing to the cake, I suspect the stage is likely bolted down on the pad or has an hold down system to keep it from moving before launch all of which would be missing at landing.

Also to move it the ground between the landing pad and the processing place is going to have to be flat becuase any bump, incline or decline could damage or tip it or cause unexpected loads in the structure. The shuttle moves in a vertical fashion from or to it's pad and it ain't quick.
 
You could also have problems with wind. There maybe a day when rockets only need to be refueled to fly again like cars, busses, trains, and planes but that is not soon.
« Last Edit: 12/06/2013 07:31 pm by pathfinder_01 »

Offline pathfinder_01

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I actually see almost no difference in processing between a VTOL SSTO and a VTOL first stage - up until the payload - but like I said before, payload integration is really a separate issue.

There is a difference. A VTOL SSTO might not need to have an 2nd stage hoisted over it an VTOL first stage(unless it works in parrell, will) as well as the payload and fairings.

Offline Elmar Moelzer

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I actually see almost no difference in processing between a VTOL SSTO and a VTOL first stage - up until the payload - but like I said before, payload integration is really a separate issue.

There is a difference. A VTOL SSTO might not need to have an 2nd stage hoisted over it an VTOL first stage(unless it works in parrell, will) as well as the payload and fairings.
Indeed, one of the differences.

Offline Elmar Moelzer

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I mean, I know that looks can be deceiving, but to me the SpaceX way looks cheaper and more efficient than the Atlas way:
http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/styles/media_gallery_large/public/img_2181_0.jpg?itok=G5EMKxrM
versus:
http://www.americaspace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MAVEN-Atlas-2.jpg

Offline Elmar Moelzer

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But I guess you meant "like that" as in "like a wide diameter SSTO".
Yes, that is what I was referring to. I am sorry, if this was not clear enough.

Offline Jim

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I mean, I know that looks can be deceiving, but to me the SpaceX way looks cheaper and more efficient than the Atlas way:
http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/styles/media_gallery_large/public/img_2181_0.jpg?itok=G5EMKxrM
versus:
http://www.americaspace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MAVEN-Atlas-2.jpg

Spacex can't fly many types of payloads with its method.  The Atlas method was driven by USAF requirements.   Also, Spacex can't adapt their launch vehicle to increasing spacecraft performance requirements.
« Last Edit: 12/06/2013 08:21 pm by Jim »

Offline Elmar Moelzer

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Spacex can't fly many types of payloads with its method.  The Atlas method was driven by USAF requirements.   Also, Spacex can't adapt their launch vehicle to increasing spacecraft performance requirements.
Which is why I mentioned customer requirements as a justification for vertical integration earlier.
I cant think of anything else though.

Offline meekGee

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I mean, I know that looks can be deceiving, but to me the SpaceX way looks cheaper and more efficient than the Atlas way:
http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/styles/media_gallery_large/public/img_2181_0.jpg?itok=G5EMKxrM
versus:
http://www.americaspace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MAVEN-Atlas-2.jpg

For sure - but read the OP - it starts out with that exact same observation.

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Offline meekGee

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I actually see almost no difference in processing between a VTOL SSTO and a VTOL first stage - up until the payload - but like I said before, payload integration is really a separate issue.

There is a difference. A VTOL SSTO might not need to have an 2nd stage hoisted over it an VTOL first stage(unless it works in parrell, will) as well as the payload and fairings.

That's why I said "almost"....

Like the VTOL SSTO, IMO most of the turn-around work will revolve around propulsion and fueling.
Stage integration can be made very simple, as I described above.

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Offline meekGee

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I mean, I know that looks can be deceiving, but to me the SpaceX way looks cheaper and more efficient than the Atlas way:
http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/styles/media_gallery_large/public/img_2181_0.jpg?itok=G5EMKxrM
versus:
http://www.americaspace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MAVEN-Atlas-2.jpg

Actually, I really liked these two pictures since they illustrate the point well.  Obviously the service tower looks "more expensive".

But compare these two pictures.

Obviously the first picture looks "more expensive".  But we know that with enough volume, the investment in that infrastructure pays off, and the actual per-unit costs are lower.

Rockets are not sold by the millions, but the comparison is still valid.  When you want to turn around rockets in a day, you need something much more like the Atlas facility then like the SpaceX facility.   

I think the vertical facility is the "industrialized" way of doing things, and the SpaceX way, right now, is more like the second picture.

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Offline Jim

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I mean, I know that looks can be deceiving, but to me the SpaceX way looks cheaper and more efficient than the Atlas way:
http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/styles/media_gallery_large/public/img_2181_0.jpg?itok=G5EMKxrM
versus:
http://www.americaspace.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MAVEN-Atlas-2.jpg

Actually, I really liked these two pictures since they illustrate the point well.  Obviously the service tower looks "more expensive".

But compare these two pictures.

Obviously the first picture looks "more expensive".  But we know that with enough volume, the investment in that infrastructure pays off, and the actual per-unit costs are lower.

Rockets are not sold by the millions, but the comparison is still valid.  When you want to turn around rockets in a day, you need something much more like the Atlas facility then like the SpaceX facility.   

I think the vertical facility is the "industrialized" way of doing things, and the SpaceX way, right now, is more like the second picture.



quite the opposite.

The top photo is rockets coming off the line (from trailers coming from the factory or landing site) and being erected at the end of the line and launched.  Much like the current system.

The Atlas facility uses a lot of cranes and takes multiple lifts.  Vertical is required because of the balloon Centaur. 

Delta does a hybrid and uses no cranes except for the payload at the pad.  The GSE that the vehicle is built on in the factory is used to deliver the vehicle to the launch site, used for mating stages and boosters and then used to go the pad, where it is removed after erection.
 

Offline Jim

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A vertical rocket gives you access to everything at once.  All 9 engines, in vertical position, the bells can be centered and unloaded, all vertical walls are accessible at eye level simply by walking to them, all fluid tanks and plumbing only ever see one orientation, so draining and such is easier (trap-wise), etc.

A horizontal rocket only gives you sort-of-good access to the lower engine, and you have to rotate it.  So if you're servicing engine #3 and need to escalate something for deeper inspection, all the other teams (e.g working on the RCS thrusters) have to wait since the rocket can't roll.  (not to mention that access to the center engine is awkward)


False logic.  If this is far in the future, there is no 9 engines but only one large Raptor replace the 9.  Engine access become a moot point and a minor consideration at best.

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