Given the large mirror carried by the chemcam, just how much magnification is it capable of giving if used to observe distant targets? Could it be used in this way to produce ultra high resolution composite images similar to a gigapan picture?
No, since the mirror is not in the optic path for visual instruments.
Chemcam actually does have a CCD recording from that mirror called the Remote Micro-Imager (ChemCam RMI), used for taking context shots of study targets.
It's uses a dichroic (passes some wavelengths, reflects others) tertiary mirror to split the incoming light between the CCD and the spectrometer.
A few details here:
http://msl-scicorner.jpl.nasa.gov/Instruments/ChemCam/The Remote Micro-Imager (RMI) is intended as a context imager for the LIBS...It images through the same telescope as the LIBS...The detector is a 1024 x 1024 pixel CCD. The RMI has a field of view of 19 milliradians. Due to optimization of the telescope for LIBS, the RMI resolution is not pixel-limited, and is approximately 100 microradians.
Technical details here:
http://congrex.nl/icso/Papers/TPosters/12_dufour_icso_paper.pdfIf you divide the 19 milliradian field of view (diagonal) by the 100 microradian resolution and do some quick trigonometry, you will get only ~128 lines of horizontal resolution. In other words, the 1024x1024 pixel CCD significantly outresolves the telescope itself, but it was an already flight-proven sensor, and the extra pixels don't really harm the image, other than they show the ultimate limits of 4" telescope with such a narrow field of view (sensitivity for the spectrometers was the primary goal for this telescope, not resolution). In fact, you can see this as the blurriness of the raw images:
http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl-raw-images/proj/msl/redops/ods/surface/sol/00013/opgs/edr/ccam/CR0_398646468EDR_F0030004CCAM05013M_.JPGThe ultimate answer to the question is yes, you could do ultra-resolution mosaics, with a resolution of about 1 mm at 10 meters (if I did my math right), but it's not the best use of bandwidth. Doing a 360 degree panorama just with the Mastcam takes several GB...on the order of a week's worth of bandwidth, I believe.
So instead what you would do is use the widest angle cameras on the mast - the Navcams - to take your panoramas. From those images, you select areas for the Mastcams to study in more detail. Only the most interesting areas would you likely take further shots of with the ChemCam RMI, and probably in conjunction with using the laser on those spots.