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International Space Flight (ESA, Russia, China and others) => Russian Launchers - Soyuz, Progress and Uncrewed => Topic started by: zubenelgenubi on 11/18/2019 06:31 pm

Title: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 11/18/2019 06:31 pm
I am deducing that the launch will be from LC 43/4 as 43/3's "return to launch" will be the Glonass-M launch in December.

Any deductions as to what the payload(s) will be?

Most likely it/they will receive a Kosmos designation(s)?  Kosmos 2542, and maybe more?

Cross-post:
Quote
A4147/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA ACTIVATED PSN 755900N 0212600E - 755000N 0220200E - 753100N 0225600E - 752100N 0225200E - 751500N 0221300E - 752400N 0212900E - 753600N 0205100E - 755000N 0203000E - (755900N 0212600E IMPACT AREA FOR RUSSIAN MISSILES. SFC - UNL, 1730-1900, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 19:00 2019. CREATED: 18 NOV 11:42 2019

Quote
B6675/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA NZD026 (EAST AUCKLAND OCEANIC FIR) IS PRESCRIBED AS FLW: ALL THAT AIRSPACE BOUNDED BY A LINE JOINING: 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W ACTIVITY: SPACE DEBRIS RETURN USER AGENCY: FOREIGN SPACE AGENCY PRESCRIBED PURSUANT TO CIVIL AVIATION RULE PART 71 UNDER A DELEGATED AUTHORITY ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF CIVIL AVIATION. SFC - FL999, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 07:00 2019. CREATED: 14 NOV 15:11 2019

Red matches the July 10th launch of Soyuz-2-1v/Volga

https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1149170081236230153 (https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1149170081236230153)

Lime matches the December 28th 2013 maiden launch of Soyuz-2-1v/Volga

https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1196429006050119680 (https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1196429006050119680)

And, there is expectation of 1 or 2 more Soyuz-2-1v/Volga launches from Plesetsk this year:
https://tass.ru/kosmos/7016875 (https://tass.ru/kosmos/7016875)

RKTs Progress director Dmitriy Baranov says that two out of three Soyuz-2-1v launch vehicles ordered by the Ministry of Defense for 2019 have been finished. One is in storage at RKTs Progress and the other has been shipped to the Plesetsk cosmodrome. A third rocket is in the final stages of assembly.

It is not quite clear from his statement if the rocket delivered to Plesetsk is the one used to launch Kosmos-2535/2536/2537/2538 last July. Possibly, that rocket was part of an earlier order by the Ministry of Defense. According to the Russian launch schedule on the NK forum there is another Soyuz-2-1v/Volga scheduled for launch from Plesetsk before the end of this year.

The original contract was for 5 rockets. Contract 1719187308072412246024961 from 2017, is connected to Volga upper stages №7, №8 and №9. I think №6 was for Lomonosov?

Also see here:-
https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26990.msg1953068#msg1953068 (https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26990.msg1953068#msg1953068)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/18/2019 07:36 pm
Launch window 17:30-19:00 UTC

Launch times of the previous Soyuz 2.1v-launches:

Kosmos 2519/21/23  18:05 UTC
Kosmos 2525            17:39 UTC
Kosmos 2535..2538   17:14 UTC
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/18/2019 09:01 pm
As I have mentioned in the Kosmos-2535/2536/2537/2538 thread, a possible payload for this mission could be NPO Lavochkin's 14F150 nr. 2 (same type as Kosmos-2519). It is known from procurement documentation that this satellite was to be shipped to the Plesetsk cosmodrome in the first half of this year. There is reason to believe that it was not among the four satellites launched by the Soyuz-2-1v last July. Kosmos-2535 and 2536 may be the first satellites flown under the Burevestnik ASAT project and Kosmos-2537 and 2538 (which have not maneuvered so far) are possibly radar calibration satellites. 

If the payload for the upcoming launch is indeed 14F150 nr. 2, it could also carry one or more subsatellites like Kosmos-2521 and 2523.  Of course, all this remains very speculative. The Russians have a tendency to surprise us with missions like these, so let's wait and see what happens.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: russianhalo117 on 11/18/2019 09:25 pm
I am deducing that the launch will be from LC 43/4 as 43/3's "return to launch" will be the Glonass-M launch in December.

Any deductions as to what the payload(s) will be?

Most likely it/they will receive a Kosmos designation(s)?

Cross-post:
Quote
A4147/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA ACTIVATED PSN 755900N 0212600E - 755000N 0220200E - 753100N 0225600E - 752100N 0225200E - 751500N 0221300E - 752400N 0212900E - 753600N 0205100E - 755000N 0203000E - (755900N 0212600E IMPACT AREA FOR RUSSIAN MISSILES. SFC - UNL, 1730-1900, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 19:00 2019. CREATED: 18 NOV 11:42 2019

Quote
B6675/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA NZD026 (EAST AUCKLAND OCEANIC FIR) IS PRESCRIBED AS FLW: ALL THAT AIRSPACE BOUNDED BY A LINE JOINING: 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W ACTIVITY: SPACE DEBRIS RETURN USER AGENCY: FOREIGN SPACE AGENCY PRESCRIBED PURSUANT TO CIVIL AVIATION RULE PART 71 UNDER A DELEGATED AUTHORITY ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF CIVIL AVIATION. SFC - FL999, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 07:00 2019. CREATED: 14 NOV 15:11 2019

Red matches the July 10th launch of Soyuz-2-1v/Volga

https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1149170081236230153

Lime matches the December 28th 2013 maiden launch of Soyuz-2-1v/Volga

https://twitter.com/LaunchStuff/status/1196429006050119680

And, there is expectation of 1 or 2 more Soyuz-2-1v/Volga launches from Plesetsk this year:
https://tass.ru/kosmos/7016875

RKTs Progress director Dmitriy Baranov says that two out of three Soyuz-2-1v launch vehicles ordered by the Ministry of Defense for 2019 have been finished. One is in storage at RKTs Progress and the other has been shipped to the Plesetsk cosmodrome. A third rocket is in the final stages of assembly.

It is not quite clear from his statement if the rocket delivered to Plesetsk is the one used to launch Kosmos-2535/2536/2537/2538 last July. Possibly, that rocket was part of an earlier order by the Ministry of Defense. According to the Russian launch schedule on the NK forum there is another Soyuz-2-1v/Volga scheduled for launch from Plesetsk before the end of this year.

The original contract was for 5 rockets. Contract 1719187308072412246024961 from 2017, is connected to Volga upper stages №7, №8 and №9. I think №6 was for Lomonosov?

Also see here:-
https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26990.msg1953068#msg1953068
I'm not sure if 43/3 ended up with 2.1v adapting hardware installed as 16/2 is/was supposed to be rebuilt to solely take over 2.1v launches.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Star One on 11/18/2019 10:06 pm
A general question wasn’t the Russian parliament meant to be passing a law classifying all these procurement documents so they no longer were published online?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/18/2019 10:28 pm
A general question wasn’t the Russian parliament meant to be passing a law classifying all these procurement documents so they no longer were published online?

Hasn't happened so far, but I guess it's just a matter of time. This is where most of the leaks are taking place.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 11/18/2019 11:24 pm
As I have mentioned in the Kosmos-2535/2536/2537/2538 thread...
https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=43064.0

I just re-read that thread.

It is a great source and also interesting (to me) as a demonstration of how our NSF experts strive to figure mysteries out. :)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Star One on 11/19/2019 06:17 am
A general question wasn’t the Russian parliament meant to be passing a law classifying all these procurement documents so they no longer were published online?

Hasn't happened so far, but I guess it's just a matter of time. This is where most of the leaks are taking place.

Thank you. I saw information about the proposal posted on here, and then it all seemed to go quiet on the matter.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: tehwkd on 11/21/2019 08:59 am
Quote

NZZO   AUCKLAND (OAC)
B6675/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA NZD026 (EAST AUCKLAND OCEANIC FIR) IS PRESCRIBED AS FLW: ALL THAT AIRSPACE BOUNDED BY A LINE JOINING: 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 131 00 00 W 60 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 175 00 00 W 30 00 00 S 131 00 00 W ACTIVITY: SPACE DEBRIS RETURN USER AGENCY: FOREIGN SPACE AGENCY PRESCRIBED PURSUANT TO CIVIL AVIATION RULE PART 71 UNDER A DELEGATED AUTHORITY ISSUED BY THE DIRECTOR OF CIVIL AVIATION. SFC - FL999, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 07:00 2019. CREATED: 14 NOV 15:11 2019

ENOB   BODO FIC/FIR
A4147/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA ACTIVATED PSN 755900N 0212600E - 755000N 0220200E - 753100N 0225600E - 752100N 0225200E - 751500N 0221300E - 752400N 0212900E - 753600N 0205100E - 755000N 0203000E - (755900N 0212600E IMPACT AREA FOR RUSSIAN MISSILES. SFC - UNL, 1730-1900, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 19:00 2019. CREATED: 18 NOV 11:42 2019

ULMM   MURMANSK
Q6705/19 - TEMPO DANGER AREA ACT: 701800N0334900E-701200N0340800E-695400N0344300E-693300N0344700E- 692500N0341500E-693500N0333700E-695300N0330500E-701200N0331100E- 701800N0334900E. SFC - UNL, DAILY 1730-1900, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 19:00 2019. CREATED: 21 NOV 06:21 2019

Q6708/19 - FLW ATS RTE SEGMENTS CLSD: W57 ABELU - BAROD T570 NUTLA - LIMUS. SFC - UNL, DAILY 1730-1900, 25 NOV 17:30 2019 UNTIL 26 NOV 19:00 2019. CREATED: 21 NOV 06:25 2019

Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 11/21/2019 06:16 pm
As of this post, we have two or more mystery payloads launching on the same UTC date!

(This launch and the launch from Taiyuan)
***

EDITs 11/24 11/25: Three Two One orbital launches scheduled for 11/25 UTC!
This launch, VA250 from Kourou, and the possible Ziyuan launch from Taiyuan.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/22/2019 06:03 pm
Would Bars #3 be an option (of course on Soyuz 2.1a) ?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: GWR64 on 11/22/2019 07:00 pm
Would Bars #3 be an option (of course on Soyuz 2.1a) ?

I do not believe that. There was no immediate reentry.

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=32187.msg1338394#msg1338394
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 11/25/2019 04:46 pm
We're now within the NOTAM window.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Salo on 11/25/2019 05:01 pm
Launch confirmed:
https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=522423&lang=RU

Google translate:
Quote
Soyuz-2.1v missile successfully launched from Plesetsk with a military satellite
11/25/2019 20:56:14
       Moscow. November 25. INTERFAX - The aerospace forces successfully launched the Soyuz-2.1v launch vehicle from the Plesetsk cosmodrome, the Russian Ministry of Defense’s Information and Communications Department told reporters.
       "On Monday, November 25, at 20:52 Moscow time, from the launcher No. 4 of platform No. 43 of the State Testing Cosmodrome of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Plesetsk Cosmodrome), the Soyuz-2.1 light carrier rocket was successfully launched by the combat crew of the Aerospace Forces in "with a spacecraft designed in the interests of the Russian Defense Ministry," the Ministry of Defense said.
       The ministry noted that all prelaunch operations and the launch of the Soyuz-2.1v rocket went on as normal. Means of a ground-based automated control complex monitored the launch and launch of the launch vehicle.
       This is the second launch of the Soyuz-2.1v light carrier rocket carried out in 2019 from the Plesetsk cosmodrome. The previous launch from the northern spaceport was carried out on July 10, 2019.
       The launch of the Soyuz-2.1v light-class launch vehicle, the flight design tests of which have been taking place at the Plesetsk cosmodrome since 2013, has been carried out by the space forces for the sixth time.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/25/2019 05:02 pm

launch at 17:52 !
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Chris Bergin on 11/25/2019 05:11 pm
Article. Thanks to B. Hendrickx for cool snooping into potential payloads.

https://twitter.com/NASASpaceflight/status/1199027479219978240
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 (~17:40 UTC?)
Post by: Salo on 11/25/2019 05:27 pm
https://twitter.com/anik1982space/status/1199030857870270466
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/25/2019 05:32 pm
Volga-stage separated as scheduled

https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=522429&lang=RU
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Steven Pietrobon on 11/25/2019 07:41 pm
Bing translation:

 "Space head part of the Soyuz-2.1V space rocket" as part of the "Volga" launch unit and the spacecraft launched in the interests of the Russian Defense Ministry, at the estimated time - 21:00 Moscow time - has been separated from the second Soyuz-2.1V launch vehicle," the Defense Ministry said.
       They noted that it would take several hours for the spacecraft to be put into a calculated orbit by the Volga launch unit.
       The launch of the Soyuz-2.1V rocket was carried out on Monday at 20:52 Moscow time by the combat calculation of the Russian Air Force space forces from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Arkhangelsk region.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Salo on 11/25/2019 08:34 pm
Launch success:
https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=522435&lang=RU
Google translate:
Quote
New Russian military satellite put into orbit
11/26/2019 0:30:51
       Moscow. November 26th. INTERFAX - The Volga upper stage successfully launched the Russian Defense Ministry’s spacecraft into orbit, reporters at the Russian Ministry of Defense’s Information and Communications Department told reporters on Monday.
       “Soyuz-2.1v light launch vehicle launched on November 25 at 20:52 Moscow time from the Plesetsk State Testing Cosmodrome in the Arkhangelsk Region successfully launched a spacecraft into the calculated orbit in the interests of the Russian Defense Ministry,” the Defense Ministry said. .
       The launch of the Soyuz-2.1v launch vehicle and the launch of the spacecraft into orbit took place as usual.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Steven Pietrobon on 11/25/2019 08:46 pm
Some information on the purpose of the satellite, "it is able to observe other vehicles and earth."

https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=522436&lang=RU

"The Russian military has taken control of a new satellite, it is able to observe other vehicles and earth
26.11.2019 0:36:00
       Moscow. November 26. INTERFAX - The spacecraft launched in the interests of the Russian Defense Ministry from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome has been put into target orbit at the estimated time and accepted for the control of ground-based air and space forces.
       "The spacecraft, created on the basis of a unified multifunctional space platform, has been put into a target orbit, from which the state of domestic satellites can be monitored," the department told reporters. information and mass communications of the Russian Defense Ministry.
       Optical equipment of the spacecraft also allows to take pictures of the Earth's surface.
       "The spacecraft has a stable telemetry communication. The spacecraft's on-board systems are functioning as normal," the ministry said.
       The satellite was launched from the Plesetsk cosmodrome by the Soyuz-2.1V launch vehicle on Monday at 20:52 Moscow time."
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Josh_from_Canada on 11/25/2019 08:56 pm
Does this satellite(s) have a Kosmos designation or not?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/25/2019 08:58 pm
https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=522436&lang=RU
 
Interfax-AVN quotes the Ministry of Defense's press service as saying:
"The satellite, built on the basis of a universal multifunctional space platform, has been placed into the intended orbit, from which it can monitor the state of [Russian] satellites."
The report adds that the optical equipment of the satellite can also be used for making pictures of the Earth's surface.

These are also the two mission objectives announced for Kosmos-2519 (NPO Lavochkin's 14F150 nr. 1) back in June 2017, so it looks fairly certain now that this is the second satellite in the series. As noted above, NPO Lavochkin released insurance documentation late last year which showed that there were plans to ship this satellite to Plesetsk in the first half of 2019.

We may very well see the deployment of a small inspector satellite from 14F150 nr. 2 in the coming weeks. It is known from procurement documentation that at least one such satellite is currently under development. These satellites are built by the Central Scientific Research Institute of Chemistry and Mechanics (TsNIIKhM or CNIIHM) and presumably have the index 14F153. Both 14F150 and 14F153 are part of the Nivelir project.


Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Rondaz on 11/25/2019 11:12 pm
Russian Ministry of Defense satellite, expected to get the code name Kosmos-2542, launched at 1752 UTC by Soyuz-2-1V/Volga from Plesetsk.  No orbit data yet.

https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1199080531473977344
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Rondaz on 11/26/2019 12:20 am
Kosmos-2542 and the Volga upper stage now tracked in a 368 x 858 km x 97.9 deg orbit; the Blok-I second stage in a 289 x 364 km orbit.

https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1199135396673806336
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Josh_from_Canada on 11/26/2019 01:06 am
Have any launch photos been released?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/26/2019 04:11 am
Have any launch photos been released?
Without guarantee, that they are current photos

https://tvzvezda.ru/news/forces/content/20191126146-N2WDv.html
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Steven Pietrobon on 11/26/2019 04:15 am
This photo looks like its from the launch. Its not labelled as an archive photo.

https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7198117

"The spacecraft, based on a unified multifunctional space platform, has been placed in a target orbit from which to monitor the state of domestic satellites. Optical equipment of the spacecraft also allows to take pictures of the Earth's surface," the Defense Ministry said.

The military department noted that a stable telemetry communication has been established and maintained with the spacecraft. The spacecraft's on-board systems are operating normally."
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Steven Pietrobon on 11/26/2019 04:35 am
The fairing in the video has two big extensions at the sides. That's the same fairing used for Kosmos 2519 (14F150 N1) on 25 June 2017.

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=43064.msg1693829#msg1693829

Can anyone work out the serial number on the fairing? I think the top numbers ends in 0 and the bottom number with 004.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: owais.usmani on 11/26/2019 04:38 am
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXHGNIQMb6w (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXHGNIQMb6w)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: anik on 11/26/2019 05:16 am
The fairing in the video has two big extensions at the sides. That's the same fairing used for Kosmos 2519 (14F150 N1) on 25 June 2017.

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=43064.msg1693829#msg1693829

Can anyone work out the serial number on the fairing? I think the top numbers ends in 0 and the bottom number with 004.

98КС.1000-0 №78072004.
98КС fairing was used in all Soyuz-2-1V launches, not only in those two.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/26/2019 07:23 am
Official launch announcement on the website of the Russian Ministry of Defense:
https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12263690@egNews

Same mission objectives given as in yesterday's Interfax-AVN report (space surveillance and Earth remote sensing).
More pictures and a launch video as well.

Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos ? - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: jacqmans on 11/26/2019 08:22 am
11/26/2019 09:00

Successful launch of the Soyuz-2.1v launch vehicle

On Monday, November 25, 2019, at 20:52 Moscow time, from the State Testing Cosmodrome of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Plesetsk Cosmodrome) in the Arkhangelsk Region, the Soyuz 2.1v light carrier rocket (developed in the RCC Progress, part of Roscosmos State Corporation) with a spacecraft designed in the interests of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The launch and launch of the satellite into the calculated orbit took place as usual. Two minutes after the launch, the Soyuz-2.1v launch vehicle was accepted for escort by means of the ground-based automated control complex of the German Titov Main Testing Space Center.

At the estimated time, the device was launched into the target orbit and adopted for the control of ground-based means of the aerospace forces. A stable telemetric connection has been established and maintained with him, the systems operate normally.

The spacecraft, created on the basis of a unified multifunctional space platform, is launched into the target orbit from which the state of domestic satellites can be monitored. The optical equipment of this satellite also allows you to take pictures of the Earth's surface.

***

This is the fifth launch of the Soyuz-2 launch vehicle carried out in 2019 from the Plesetsk cosmodrome. The previous launch of Soyuz-2 from the Northern Cosmodrome was successfully carried out on September 26.

Flight tests of the Soyuz-2 space rocket complex began in Plesetsk on November 8, 2004. During this time, 41 launches of Soyuz-2 launch vehicles of the modernization stages 1a, 1b and 1c were carried out from the cosmodrome.

The Soyuz-2 launch vehicle replaced the Soyuz-U rockets, which were operated at the Plesetsk cosmodrome from 1973 to 2012. During this period, 435 launches of Soyuz-U carriers were carried out from Plesetsk, during which about 430 spacecraft of various purposes were put into orbit.

https://www.roscosmos.ru/27793/
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Olaf on 11/26/2019 11:19 am
http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/news/39873/
Google translation
Quote
The Volga booster, with which a military satellite was launched the day before, is flooded in the Pacific Ocean, TASS reports. This was reported to reporters on Tuesday at the Russian Ministry of Defense.
Quote
"Specialists of the G.S. Titov Main Testing Space Center (GICC) of the Space Forces of the Aerospace Forces completed operations to remove the Volga launch unit from the target orbit of the spacecraft of the Russian Ministry of Defense and flood it in the Pacific," the department said.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/26/2019 03:05 pm
There are some interesting questions:
- is it a single satellite ?
- is Kosmos 2542 the "inspector"
- will the inspector later be separated from the main satellite?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/26/2019 10:38 pm
There are some interesting questions:
- is it a single satellite ?
- is Kosmos 2542 the "inspector"
- will the inspector later be separated from the main satellite?

The term "inspector satellite" has generally been used by analysts to refer to the small CNIIHM satellites that rode as co-passengers on the Rokot launch vehicle in 2013-2015 (Kosmos-2491, 2499 and 2504) and the one that was deployed from Kosmos-2519 (namely Kosmos-2521). In official Ministry of Defense statements the term has only been used to refer to Kosmos-2523 (the subsatellite that in turn was deployed from Kosmos-2521) and one of the satellites launched last July (either Kosmos-2535 or Kosmos-2536). 

As explained earlier in this thread, indications are that Kosmos-2542 is of the same type as Kosmos-2519, namely a 14F150 satellite built by NPO Lavochkin. Like Kosmos-2519, it has been described as a "space platform" that can carry a variety of payloads (possibly, it uses Lavochkin's Karat-200 bus). Aside from its optical payload, it could also carry another CNIIHM inspector. It is known from procurement documentation that at least one such inspector was under development last year, but only time will tell if it (or any other subsatellite(s)) hitched a ride with Kosmos-2542 yesterday. 

By the way, the elliptical orbit of Kosmos-2542 is somewhat odd. Comparing the insertion orbits of Kosmos-2519 and 2542, we get:
- Kosmos-2519 : 654x669 km, 98.1°
- Kosmos-2542 : 368x858 km, 97.9°

This is obviously not a Sun-synchronous orbit. Jonathan McDowell has tweeted that at the given inclination he would have expected a 525 km circular orbit. Possibly, the orbit was chosen to facilitate long-distance observations of other satellites, but I'll leave that to the orbital mechanics experts to figure out. All I can add is that Kosmos-2519 itself maneuvered to a rather strongly elongated orbit (roughly 315x660 km) in July 2018. To the best of my knowledge, it has  not shown any activity since. 
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/27/2019 04:20 am
The orbit of Kosmos 2542 is unusual.
It can be a new type, no repetition of previous tests.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 11/27/2019 11:09 am
A possible target ?

Kosmos 2542 97.90° 96.95min 369 857 km

USA 224/
USA 245         97.90° 97.2min 260 1000 km

I don't know the orbit plane.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 11/27/2019 11:55 am
A possible target ?

Kosmos 2542 97.90° 96.95min 369 857 km

USA 224/
USA 245         97.90° 97.2min 260 1000 km

I don't know the orbit plane.

Folks on the NK forum are also looking at the possibility that the orbit has been picked to observe one of the US Keyhole satellites. USA-224 has been ruled out, but USA-245 (NROL-65) is apparently looking promising. That analysis is still underway, however.

And if there was still any doubt about the nature of the satellite, what appears to be a Plesetsk insider has confirmed on the NK forum that Kosmos-2542 is indeed a satellite of the 14F150 type.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: ace5 on 11/27/2019 03:47 pm
general dimensions of 14A15 launcher
according to TsSKB-Progress
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 12/05/2019 08:47 am
https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2019/12/04/817885-raketno-kosmicheskuyu-otrasl

"It is not only a question of updating the grouping with more advanced systems, but also of deploying fundamentally new spacecraft. These include the inspector satellite launched on the Soyuz-2.1v rocket on November 26 from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome: it is capable of orbiting and carrying out external inspection and non-contact technical diagnostics of other satellites at the shortest possible distance. In addition, as RIA Novosti noted, inspector satellites can receive information not only from their own, but also from foreign satellites. According to space analyst Bart Hendricks, this may be a spacecraft created by NPO "Lavochkin" and the Central Research Institute of Chemistry and Mechanics within the framework of "Niveller" development. In June 2017, a platform satellite was launched into space under the code code "Cosmos-2519", and in August, a small spacecraft "Cosmos-2521" designed to inspect one of the domestic satellites was separated from it. Two months later, another discovery occurred: the Cosmos-2521 satellite-inspector Cosmos-2523, also capable of diagnosing the condition of other spacecraft, separated from Cosmos-2521."

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/06/2019 01:54 pm
https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2019/12/04/817885-raketno-kosmicheskuyu-otrasl

"It is not only a question of updating the grouping with more advanced systems, but also of deploying fundamentally new spacecraft. These include the inspector satellite launched on the Soyuz-2.1v rocket on November 26 from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome: it is capable of orbiting and carrying out external inspection and non-contact technical diagnostics of other satellites at the shortest possible distance. In addition, as RIA Novosti noted, inspector satellites can receive information not only from their own, but also from foreign satellites. According to space analyst Bart Hendricks, this may be a spacecraft created by NPO "Lavochkin" and the Central Research Institute of Chemistry and Mechanics within the framework of "Niveller" development. In June 2017, a platform satellite was launched into space under the code code "Cosmos-2519", and in August, a small spacecraft "Cosmos-2521" designed to inspect one of the domestic satellites was separated from it. Two months later, another discovery occurred: the Cosmos-2521 satellite-inspector Cosmos-2523, also capable of diagnosing the condition of other spacecraft, separated from Cosmos-2521."

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator

It has become quite common for Russian journalists to refer to Western sources of information when writing about Russian military space projects rather than to refer to their own research. The author of this particular article, Ivan Safronov, is probably all too well aware of the risks involved in doing investigative journalism in Russia these days. His father, also named Ivan Safronov, died in mysterious circumstances in 2007 while working on a sensitive story about Russian arms deliveries to Syria. His death was officially explained as a suicide, but many have called that claim into question.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/06/2019 02:07 pm
It hasn't taken long for the inspector satellite to appear. TASS quotes the Ministry of Defense as reporting that a small satellite was detached from Kosmos-2542 today.

https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7285111

"The purpose of this experiment is to continue work on assessing the technical condition of domestic satellites. The visual information is being sent to ground processing systems to determine the technical condition of the satellite being studied".

During the Kosmos-2519 mission it took about two months before the inspector satellite (Kosmos-2521) was detached.
The newly released subsatellite is likely to be named Kosmos-2543.

Meanwhile, analysts on the NK forum are continuing to look into the possibility that the orbit of Kosmos-2542 has been chosen to make observations of the American reconnaissance satellite USA-245. They are not ruling out that possibility, but the analysis is hampered by the fact that the most recent two-line orbital elements for USA-245 are two months old.

Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 12/06/2019 02:12 pm
There are some interesting questions:
- is it a single satellite ?
- is Kosmos 2542 the "inspector"
- will the inspector later be separated from the main satellite?
So the questions are answered.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: anik on 12/06/2019 02:13 pm
His father, also named Ivan Safronov, died in mysterious circumstances in 2007 while working on a sensitive story about Russian arms deliveries to Syria. His death was officially explained as a suicide, but many have called that claim into question

Please, do not begin discussion here about this person. You do not know truth and can bring harm. Only his family can discuss this matter.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/06/2019 02:21 pm
His father, also named Ivan Safronov, died in mysterious circumstances in 2007 while working on a sensitive story about Russian arms deliveries to Syria. His death was officially explained as a suicide, but many have called that claim into question

Please, do not begin discussion here about this person. You do not know truth and can bring harm. Only his family can discuss this matter.

OK, my apologies. I don't claim to know the truth, just telling here what was reported. Subject closed then.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: input~2 on 12/06/2019 04:33 pm
No TLE yet for 2019-079D
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: satwatcher on 12/06/2019 08:17 pm
Either COSMOS 2542 or the sub-satellite it released today is transmitting on 2280MHz. No surprise as COSMOS 2491, 2499, 2504, 2519 and 2535 also use/used this frequency.

https://twitter.com/cgbassa/status/1203060452378513408
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/06/2019 09:14 pm
Either COSMOS 2542 or the sub-satellite it released today is transmitting on 2280MHz. No surprise as COSMOS 2491, 2499, 2504, 2519 and 2535 also use/used this frequency.

https://twitter.com/cgbassa/status/1203060452378513408

As Cees Bassa has told me in private correspondence, these signals were picked up on two subsequent passes over Western Europe around 17.30 and 19.00 UTC. This was several hours after the Ministry of Defense announced the release of the subsatellite. Since the signals are identical to the ones transmitted by earlier inspector type satellites, we can be fairly confident that they came from the subsatellite.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Liss on 12/07/2019 08:10 am
Object 44835 = 2019-079D has been catalogued with orbit closed to that of 079A.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: input~2 on 12/07/2019 03:49 pm
Namely:
2019-079A/44797 in 368 x 857 km x 97.897° (Kosmos-2542 at epoch Dec 6, 1703 UTC)
2019-079D/44835 in 368 x 858 km x 97.895° (Kosmos-2543 at epoch Dec 6, 1349 UTC)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/08/2019 05:41 pm
https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1203421068616187905 (https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1203421068616187905)

Quote
Jonathan McDowell:
Looks like the inspector satellite 44835 (probable Kosmos-2543) separated from parent satellite 44797 (probable Kosmos-2542) sometime around 0600-1000 UTC Dec 6. Both are in 368 x 858 km x 97.9° orbits and  remain within about 10 km of each other based on the most recent TLEs
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 - Plesetsk 43/4 - November 25, 2019 (17:52 UTC)
Post by: Alter Sachse on 12/15/2019 04:30 pm
Namely:
2019-079A/44797 in 368 x 857 km x 97.897° (Kosmos-2542 at epoch Dec 6, 1703 UTC)
2019-079D/44835 in 368 x 858 km x 97.895° (Kosmos-2543 at epoch Dec 6, 1349 UTC)

Kosmos 2543
97.90° 97.54min 423 x 858 km Dec 13 (?)
97.90° 97.86min 454 x 858 km Dec 14
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Alter Sachse on 12/16/2019 07:46 pm
Kosmos 2543
97.90° 99.29 min 590 x 859 km (Dec 16)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 12/27/2019 08:17 pm
More speculation on a possible link between Kosmos-2542/2543 and the American reconnaissance satellite USA-245:

http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Dec-2019/0108.html

Quote
From: Nico Janssen via Seesat-l <seesat-l_at_satobs.org>
Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2019 15:55:41 +0100
<snip>
On 2019-12-09 or 2019-12-10 USA 245 changed its orbit. Before its
maneuver it was in a 272x985 km orbit. This is the last TLE set that I
could determine before the maneuver:
USA 245
1 39232U 13043A   19342.41935900  .00010000  00000-0  10147-3 0 00
2 39232  97.8900  42.9218 0508960 301.2530 203.1441 14.80147872 09

I lost track of USA 245 after its orbit maneuver. I suspect it is now in a
much higher orbit.

Kosmos 2542 is still in its original orbit. But meanwhile Kosmos 2543 has
climbed to a 590x859 km orbit, still in the same orbit plane as USA 245.

So what is going on? Is Kosmos 2543 chasing USA 245? And is USA 245
trying to escape by changing its orbit? Or is all this just a coincidence?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Olaf on 12/31/2019 09:59 am
http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Dec-2019/0128.html
Quote
I do see that using the pre-maneuver TLE that you provided, Kosmos 2543 was set to have multiple close passes to USA 245, with the closest ones coming on Dec 9, as close as ~55km away.   The timing of the USA 245 maneuver is interesting to say the least.

Kosmos 2543 made a small maneuver on Dec 9th followed by the larger ones you reference on Dec 14th and 16th.  You would think that if a "chase" is going on, that would be enough time to get a good fix on the new position of USA 245.

It's a really interesting observation, especially if USA 245 can be re-acquired in an orbit up near where Kosmos 2543 has headed.

As a note of comparison, Cartosat-3, which is also in the same plane, only has passes as close as around 150km, and most are in the 300-400km range.  That's just one data point, but it was certainly going to get closer to USA 245.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Olaf on 01/02/2020 06:36 pm
http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Jan-2020/0008.html
Quote
I recovered USA 245 (39232). Preliminary TLE set for its new 286x999 km
orbit:
USA 245
1 39232U 13043A   19365.39943200  .00010000  00000-0  10147-3 0 04
2 39232  97.8900  64.1996 0508394 225.3404 281.4041 14.75824432 08
As usual further TLE updates will be provided in this file:
https://hamsat1.home.xs4all.nl/tle.tle
The orbit planes of USA 245 and Kosmos 2543 are now only 0.26 degrees apart.
Kosmos 2543 is still in its 589x860 km orbit.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 01/29/2020 12:48 pm
http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Jan-2020/0198.html

Quote
From: Nico Janssen via Seesat-l <seesat-l_at_satobs.org>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2020 14:18:29 +0100

Kosmos 2543 is still in its 588 x 861 km orbit. But meanwhile Kosmos 2542
raised its orbit to a 369 x 915 km orbit. USA 245 is now in a 283 x 1002 km
orbit. The orbit planes of Kosmos 2542 and USA 245 are about 0.55 degrees
apart and the difference between their orbital periods is only 1 second.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Liss on 01/29/2020 03:21 pm
Multiple short-range passes on Jan 22 calculated provided these elements were good.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 01/29/2020 10:09 pm
Nico Janssen tells me that Kosmos-2542 gradually maneuvered to its higher apogee between January 21 and 24. It now has USA-245 permanently in view at distances ranging from 150 km to 500 km (and Igor Lisov estimates a closest range of about 15 km for one or more of the close approaches on January 22). There are also relatively close approaches between USA-245 and Kosmos-2543 (the subsatellite deployed from Kosmos-2542), which maneuvered to the higher apogee several weeks ago. Kosmos-2543 comes to within a few dozen kilometers of USA-245 every four days, but at a higher speed than Kosmos-2542.

Looks like we're getting to the point that all this can no longer be explained as a coincidence.   
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 01/30/2020 08:57 am
Another update on Seesat :

http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Jan-2020/0211.html

Quote
From: Michael R Thompson via Seesat-l <seesat-l_at_satobs.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jan 2020 05:31:48 +0000

Took a deeper look tonight.

I can't find any Russian satellites that are as closely sync'd as USA 245.

If you want to be very generous, there are Russian satellites in a similar plane that yield marginal passes (~500km) every few days:

  *   Cosmos 2523: A previous inspection satellite from 2017
  *   Resurs P1: An earth observation satellite.  There's a very close pass on Jan 30 (100km), but the rest are in the 500km range every ~2 days.

Additionally, the first maneuver on January 21st was perfectly sync'd with the closest approach of Cosmos 2542 and USA 245, which before this set of maneuvers, were occurring every 11 days.

With continuous visibility from a trailing distance of 100-500km, and a low required slew rate (consistently less than 0.1 deg/s) observation would be quite possible.

Dare I say likely?
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Eric Hedman on 01/31/2020 09:14 pm
More people are beginning to notice this:

https://www.thedailybeast.com/why-is-mystery-russian-spacecraft-cosmos-2542-suddenly-stalking-a-us-spy-satellite (https://www.thedailybeast.com/why-is-mystery-russian-spacecraft-cosmos-2542-suddenly-stalking-a-us-spy-satellite)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Star One on 02/01/2020 08:02 am
Be interesting to see if over time the other 3 KH-11s gain their own watchers.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 02/01/2020 10:32 pm
Be interesting to see if over time the other 3 KH-11s gain their own watchers.

There is another 14F150 satellite (Kosmos-2519/2542 type) planned to be shipped to Plesetsk, apparently later this year. That is clear from insurance documentation for the transportation of NPO Lavochkin payloads to Russian launch sites that appeared online about two weeks ago:

https://zakupki.gov.ru/223/purchase/public/purchase/info/common-info.html?regNumber=32008759248
(see the final payload in the attached list)

If these transports are listed in chronological order, 14F150 would be the final NPO Lavochkin payload to be delivered to its launch site this year. That could mean that it will not fly until next year. But whenever it flies, it will be interesting to see into what kind of orbit it will be placed.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Alter Sachse on 02/02/2020 08:58 am
Be interesting to see if over time the other 3 KH-11s gain their own watchers.
They wanted to know what a KH-11 satellite looked like.
The others look just like it.
USA 290 would be interesting, if it belongs to this series.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 02/05/2020 01:26 am
If the attitude of an reconnaissance satellite, with an accurate timestamp, and with an accurately determined orbit, is measured from such an inspector satellite, could not the area observed by the reconnaissance satellite be determined?

The adversary would not know IF an image was taken, or what a hypothetical image contains, but it would set more stringent parameters on the what and when of reconnaissance observations.

That's valuable intelligence.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Star One on 02/06/2020 06:50 am
I wonder why an older KH-11 was chosen rather than what’s theorised to be the first of a new generation?

Was it because they had to plan the launch and orbit(s) for the mission based on a target already in orbit.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 02/06/2020 08:59 am
Looks like USA-245 and Kosmos-2542 are playing a cat-and-mouse game in space. According to analysis of the latest orbital data by Michael R. Thompson, USA-245 made a maneuver on January 23, barely one day after Kosmos-2542 synchronized its orbital period with that of USA-245. Then, on January 31, Cosmos-2542 performed a burn that resulted in it drifting back towards USA-245, with closest approach expected around February 7-10. However, on February 3 USA-245 changed its orbit yet again, pushing off the closest approach for another couple of weeks to February 20.

See Michael Thompson's twitter page:
https://twitter.com/m_r_thomp





Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Steven Pietrobon on 02/07/2020 06:09 am
If one of the purposes of these missions is to cause the KH-11 to make frequent orbital maneuvers trying to avoid close approaches, thus using using up its limited supply of propellant and reducing its lifetime, the Russians may well be succeeding!
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Star One on 02/07/2020 07:27 am
If one of the purposes of these missions is to cause the KH-11 to make frequent orbital maneuvers trying to avoid close approaches, thus using using up its limited supply of propellant and reducing its lifetime, the Russians may well be succeeding!

Hence the choice of one that’s been on orbit longer and therefore already used up more of its propellant supply.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: zubenelgenubi on 02/08/2020 10:25 pm
I've started a splinter thread discussion of the maneuvers of Kosmos-2542 and USA-245 in the Space Policy sub-forum. (https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=50092.0)  Updates should continue here.  Space policy discussion should go there.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 02/18/2020 11:46 pm
This belongs in the splinter thread on the Space Policy sub-forum, but since only L2 members can post there, I’ll post this here anyway. Perhaps someone can cross-post this to that thread. Any further discussion should take place there.

On February 17 the Russian Foreign Ministry responded to the remarks made a week earlier by the commander of the US Space Force John Raymond on the maneuvers of Kosmos-2542 in the vicinity of USA-245.

https://ria.ru/20200217/1564880619.html

The official response did not come in the form of a press release, but was formulated in this report by the RIA Novosti news agency:
 https://ria.ru/20200217/1564880619.html

Here is my quick translation of all the ministry’s statements as quoted by RIA Novosti:

Quote
This provocative attack is another attempt by the US to justify the action it is taking itself to place weapons in space while shifting to others the responsibility for the destabilization of the space security situation.

The propaganda campaign against Moscow is continuing, the purpose of which is to mask the destructive actions of Washington which provoke an arms race in outer space and its transformation into a new field of military confrontation, as well as in order to achieve the allocation of large-scale funding for such purposes.

We emphasize that the movements of our satellite do not pose a threat to the American space object and, most importantly, do not violate any norms and principles of international law.

Such misunderstandings could be [avoided] by activating a mechanism to conduct international consultations, as envisaged by article IX of the 1967 [UN Outer Space Treaty]. Preventing such misunderstandings would contribute to the building of a full and meaningful Russian-American dialogue on a broad range of issues related to the prevention of an arms race in outer space.

Such public accusations, which are on the verge of informational aggression and are often made by our American counterparts, do not contribute to predictability, confidence and the easing of tension.

Russia gives priority to the non-discriminatory use and exploration of outer space exclusively for peaceful purposes and, unlike the US, does not nurture plans to solve problems in orbit by using strike weapons. Proof of this is the large number of number of initiatives taken in this field by Russia and supported by a solid group of like-minded parties.

At present there is and can be no alternative to the Russian-Chinese proposal to develop an international legally binding instrument to keep space free of weapons of any kind on the basis of the Russian-Chinese draft agreement on preventing the placement of weapons in outer space, the use of force or the threat of force against space objects. We are planning to actively continue work in that direction, aimed at receiving concrete results.

The realization of America’s plans to militarize space will inflict irreparable damage on the existing system to ensure the safety of space activities.All earlier attempts by Washington to establish its own superiority in the military field invariably led to increasing tension and new spirals in the arms race”.

We are again calling on the United States to show prudence and abandon irresponsible adventures, fraught with extremely negative consequences for the entire world community, and for the United States themselves. It is clear that the appearance of weapons in space runs counter to the practice of international cooperation in the exploration and use of space for peaceful purposes”.

More Cold War rhetoric… 

There’s hypocrisy on both sides here:  Raymond concealing the fact that it was the US that pioneered the use of inspection satellites (and is still actively using them) and the Russians seemingly claiming they have no plans for developing a counterspace capability.  Isn't Russia the country most actively working on counterspace systems? There is evidence for at least eight such projects:

- Nudol (ground-based kinetic ASAT system)   
- Kalina (ground-based laser system to dazzle/blind satellite sensors)
- Sokol-Eshelon (air-based laser system to dazzle/blind satellite sensors)
- Burevestnik (possible co-orbital ASAT system)
- Tirada-2S (ground-based electronic jamming of satellites)
- Ekipazh (nuclear-powered satellite possibly intended for electronic warfare)
- Rudolf (“mobile anti-satellite complex”)
- a reincarnated version of the Soviet-era Kontakt project (air-based kinetic ASAT system) (although that may be what the Russians now call Rudolf)

zubenelgenubi: cross-posted!
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 03/18/2020 06:34 pm
Michael Thompson tweeted this update on March 11:

https://twitter.com/m_r_thomp

Quote
Cosmos 2542, the Russian inspection satellite of recent interest, was set to make another set of close passes to USA 245 sometime in the next week. But based on recent observations from  @HAMSATNL, USA-245 made a small maneuver on the 5th that will put it at a distance of thousands of kilometers for weeks to come if not months.This is the largest "avoidance maneuver" that USA 245 has performed as a part of this dance.  (There was a large maneuver back in January that I am assuming was a nominal stationkeeping maneuver.)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 05/15/2020 10:44 pm
Kosmos-2542 significantly lowered its perigee between 22 and 27 April. Before the maneuvers it was in a 372x913 km orbit and currently it is in a 303x909 km orbit. It still comes relatively close to USA-245 every 8 to 9 days (today there was a pass at a distance of about 69 km), but the orbital planes of the two satellites are gradually drifting apart. USA-245 is now in a 269x1018 km orbit.

Kosmos-2543, the subsatellite deployed from Kosmos-2542, has not shown any activity for a long time and is now in a 588x860 km orbit. Its closest passes to USA-245 now come at 4 day intervals (for instance, on 25 May and 6 June the closest distance will be 151 km and 146 km respectively). Its orbital plane is also drifting away from that of USA- 245.

My thanks to Nico Janssens for providing this update.

Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: russianhalo117 on 05/18/2020 11:58 pm
Kosmos-2542 significantly lowered its perigee between 22 and 27 April. Before the maneuvers it was in a 372x913 km orbit and currently it is in a 303x909 km orbit. It still comes relatively close to USA-245 every 8 to 9 days (today there was a pass at a distance of about 69 km), but the orbital planes of the two satellites are gradually drifting apart. USA-245 is now in a 269x1018 km orbit.

Kosmos-2543, the subsatellite deployed from Kosmos-2542, has not shown any activity for a long time and is now in a 588x860 km orbit. Its closest passes to USA-245 now come at 4 day intervals (for instance, on 25 May and 6 June the closest distance will be 151 km and 146 km respectively). Its orbital plane is also drifting away from that of USA- 245.

My thanks to Nico Janssens for providing this update.


Note that OTV-6 Is able to observe USA-245 to possibly monitor the payloads of this launch??:

From seesat-l, C Bassa: http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0159.html (http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0159.html)
Quote
Passive radio observations of OTV 6 have been obtained on three passes, the first directly after launch, the other two earlier today.
Observations reduced to derive orbit--using the two observations of the s/c on-orbit, as opposed to including the ascent observation: 391 km x 392 km x 45.0 deg.

Further analysis by Ted Molczan: http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0160.html (http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0160.html)
This orbit provides a repeating ground track: 46 revolutions in 3 days.

And Nico Janssen: http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0163.html (http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0163.html) , provides an updated TLE, then notes that OTV-6 passed USA-290 at a distance of 29 km earlier today--this would allow the KH-11 satellite to perform extremely high resolution sat-squared visual imaging.

Two other passes of KH-11 satellites also occurred, that would allow approximately a more "normal" KH-11 resolution: ~10 cm (with no atmosphere to muddle actual resolution).
OTV-6 passes USA-224 at a distance of 370 km.
OTV-6 passes USA-245 at a distance of 490 km.
The additional analysis by Marco Langbroek is here: http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0164.html (http://www.satobs.org/seesat/May-2020/0164.html)
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 06/15/2020 09:46 am
https://forum.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/index.php?topic=17001.540

As reported by Igor Lisov on the NK forum, Kosmos-2543 (2019-079D) has made a series of maneuvers as a result of which it is now flying in close formation with Kosmos-2535 (2019-039A), one of the four satellites launched from Plesetsk on July 10 last year.  Between December 16 and June 4, Kosmos-2543 was in a 590x859 km and its orbital plane slowly drifted towards that of Kosmos-2535. Between June 4 and June 10 Kosmos-2543 made at least six maneuvers, as a result of which its orbital parameters now closely match those of Kosmos-2535.  Kosmos-2543 is now in a 590x630 km orbit and Kosmos-2535 in a 605x616 km orbit, but their mean orbital altitude is nearly the same.

Based on currently available orbital data, the closest distance between the two so far has been about 60 km. However, one visual observer reported seeing them only 12 seconds apart this weekend, so they are apparently getting closer to one another:
http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Jun-2020/0124.html

Kosmos-2535 has been involved in at least two mysterious debris shedding events in September and January. Possibly, Kosmos-2543 is now taking a close look at Kosmos-2535 to observe the effects of those events, whatever their purpose was. It will be interesting to see what happens with these two satellites in the coming days and weeks.



Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Liss on 06/17/2020 09:13 am
SeeSat-L member Paul Maley reported his video of the pair:

Thanks to Jay Respler I recorded these two objects several hours ago at a range of 748km from a site in Surprise, AZ. The two are considerable different in reflectivity and that is evident in the video. Both are somewhat close together but easily distinguishable.
The link is  https://youtu.be/YDQGHxMdXRQ
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/15/2020 11:05 pm
The Russian Ministry of Defense issued the following brief press release today:

"Today, during testing of the latest space technology, a close-up study was carried out of a domestic satellite with the help of specialized equipment on a small satellite. As a result, the Ministry of Defense received valuable information on the technical condition of the studied object which was relayed to ground control assets".

The press release has so far not appeared on the website of the Ministry of Defense, but was disseminated by a number of Russian news outlets, including Interfax-AVN:
https://www.militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=0&nid=534933&lang=RU

Although the satellites are not identified in the press release, they must be Kosmos-2543 (the inspector) and Kosmos-2535 (the "studied object"). The two have been flying in close formation for about a month now, so the statement that the observations were carried out "today" is somewhat misleading.  Possibly, the Ministry of Defense statement signals the end of the joint flight of Kosmos-2543 and Kosmos-2535.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/17/2020 10:28 pm
Jonathan McDowell on Twitter:

Quote
Following the discussion by the Russian Defense Ministry of the close satellite approach between the  Kosmos-2543 inspector satellite and the Kosmos-2535 target, a new debris object has been cataloged in a 505 x 784 km orbit associated with Kosmos-2543.

Object 45915 appears to have separated from Kosmos-2543 at about 0750 UTC Jul 15 at a fairly high relative velocity (I don't entirely trust my code here so someone else should look at this).

This is very reminiscent of what happened in late October 2017 during the Kosmos-2519/2521 mission (satellites of the same type as Kosmos-2542
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/17/2020 10:45 pm
Sorry, pressed the "send" button too early in the previous post.

This is very reminiscent of what happened in late October 2017 during the Kosmos-2519/2521 mission (satellites of the same type as Kosmos-2542 and 2543). While the two were flying in close formation, Kosmos-2521 released a subsatellite called Kosmos-2523 which immediately ended up in an orbit with a perigee about 100 km lower than Kosmos-2521 and after that remained inert. US officials later called Kosmos-2523 a high-speed projectile, claiming it was used for an anti-satellite test. This time not only the perigee, but also the apogee significantly differs from that of the ejection orbit.

After the October 2017 test, the Russian Ministry of Defense released a statement saying an inspector satellite had been released from Kosmos-2521 (which it clearly wasn't). This time the Ministry of Defense also issued a press release, but it only mentioned a close-up inspection of one satellite by another, not saying anything about the release of a subsatellite. Even if the object ejected on July 15 is identical to Kosmos-2523, it remains to be seen if it will get a Kosmos number this time. We may not find out until Russia launches its next Glonass satellite next month.



Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: weedenbc on 07/20/2020 04:50 pm
I'm struggling to keep the activities of these satellites. Here's what I have so far:



2019

Jul 10 - Cosmos 2535, 2536, 2537, and 2538 launched

Aug 7-19 Cosmos 2535 releases 9 pieces of debris and then does an RPO with Cosmos 2536, with apogees as high as 1400 km (suggesting an energetic event).

Nov - More debris is detected from Cosmos 2535/2536

Nov 25 - Cosmos 2542 launched

Dec - Cosmos 2535/2536 did another RPO, resulting in 6 more debris objects

Dec 6 - Cosmos 2542 deployed subsatellite, Cosmos 2543, which GEN Raymond said was done as a "high-speed projectile". Cosmos 2543 does RPO with Cosmos 2542.

2020

Jan - Cosmos 2543 does RPO with USA 245

Jul - Cosmos 2543 and Cosmos 2535 does an RPO, including high-speed release of another object (SATNO 45915)



Did I miss anything? Sure does look to me like either Russia has some serious safety mishaps with their "inspector" satellites or is engaged in testing of a new co-orbital ASAT system.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/20/2020 09:22 pm
A couple of corrections:

- I understand Kosmos-2535 was involved in at least two debris shedding events, one on or around September 30 (based on calculations made by Igor Lisov) and another on January 9 (reported in NASA's Orbital Debris Quarterly). Not all of the debris was catalogued right after those events. There were multiple close encounters between Kosmos-2535 and 2536 beginning in August last year.

- Not only Kosmos-2543, but also Kosmos-2542 seems to have made observations of USA 245.

- With the "high-speed projectile" Gen. Raymond was referring not to Kosmos-2543, but to Kosmos-2523, ejected at high speed from Kosmos-2521 in October 2017. The object released from Kosmos-2543 last week may be identical to Kosmos-2523, although it remains to be seen if it will get a Kosmos number.

I've attached a graph from Jonathan McDowell's Twitter showing encounters between Kosmos-2535 and Kosmos-2543 over the past month or so.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Galactic Penguin SST on 07/23/2020 01:39 pm
https://twitter.com/joroulette/status/1286290317092835328
Title: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 &amp; 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Star One on 07/23/2020 06:56 pm
https://twitter.com/DefenceHQ/status/1286312151469166592

Quote
Air Vice-Marshal
@HarvSmyth
, director of the UK's Space Directorate, has responded to a recent Russian satellite test in space:
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Lewis007 on 07/24/2020 11:10 am
Article:

https://www.space.com/russia-tests-anti-satellite-weapon-in-space.html
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/25/2020 11:32 pm
A reaction from the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Another war of words.

https://www.mid.ru/en/foreign_policy/news/-/asset_publisher/cKNonkJE02Bw/content/id/4253360

Quote
We have taken note of statement made by US and British officials, including US Special Presidential Envoy for Arms Control Marshall Billingslea, head of US Space Command Jay Raymond, US Assistant Secretary of State for International Security and Non-proliferation Christopher Ford and Director of the Space Directorate at the UK Ministry of Defence Harvey Smyth), in connection with the testing of a Russian satellite, which allegedly has “the characteristics of a weapon,” on July 15, 2020.

We regard this as part of Washington’s anti-Russia information campaign to discredit Russia’s activities in the space area and our peace initiatives for preventing an arms race in outer space. The US and British representatives have again tried to distort facts so as to distract public attention from the existing threats in outer space, to justify their actions to deploy weapons in outer space and to get additional funding for these purposes. Not surprisingly, they keep silent about their own military activities in outer space, including the use of the so-called inspector and maintenance satellites as anti-satellite weapons.

It is also noteworthy that these statements have been made ahead of the Russian-US meeting of space security experts, scheduled to take place in Vienna on July 27. The goal of these statements is not clear to us. We would like to hope that they were not intended to influence the modality and outcome of this meeting, as well as to hinder the development of a bilateral dialogue on space issues and strategic stability, which is so important for the international community.

The testing conducted by the Russian Defence Ministry on July 15 has not endangered any other space object and, most importantly, has not infringed on any norms and principles of international law. According to our Defence Ministry, the inspector satellite was launched to inspect a Russian satellite at close range, using special equipment for this purpose. This mission has collected valuable information about the technical maintenance status of the inspected spacecraft and transmitted it to the ground-based command system.

We reaffirm Russia’s commitment to its obligations regarding the peaceful exploration and use of outer space by all states without discrimination. Of crucial importance in this connection are our initiatives, which incidentally the overwhelming majority of UN member states support, aimed at preventing the militarisation of outer space. The idea is to draft a multilateral binding agreement that will prevent an arms race in outer space based on a Russian-Chinese draft agreement on the prevention of the deployment of weapons in outer space, and the use or threat of force against space objects, as well as the globalisation of the political commitment on the no first placement of weapons in outer space.

We call on our American and British colleagues to act professionally instead of planting false information, to start negotiations and join meaningful and practical collective efforts. We reaffirm our readiness to discuss all issues related to activities in outer space with representatives from the concerned agencies and establishments.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 07/25/2020 11:44 pm
The July 15 statement of the Russian Ministry of Defense said "a Russian satellite had been inspected at close range with specialized equipment of a small satellite". Today's statement from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs clumsily rephrased that as "an inspector satellite carried out a close-up inspection of a Russian satellite with specialized equipment of a/the small satellite", but it was officially translated as "the inspector satellite was launched to inspect a Russian satellite at close range, using special equipment for this purpose".

With three objects involved (Kosmos-2535, Kosmos-2453 and the object ejected from Kosmos-2543 (satellite catalog number 45915)), it is not easy to determine which objects these statements are exactly referring to, the more so because Kosmos-2543 had been making repeated close approaches to Kosmos-2535 (and presumably "inspecting" it) for about a month when it released object 45915.

However, comparing this with the terminology used by the Ministry of Defense during the Kosmos-2519/2521/2523 mission in 2017, it would seem that "the inspector satellite" or "small satellite" should be interpreted as object 45915 and the inspected satellite as Kosmos-2535. Kosmos-2523, ejected at high speed from Kosmos-2521 in the same fashion as object 45915 from Kosmos-2543, was also officially described as an "inspector satellite" to study a Russian satellite "at the closest possible range". The MoD statement on Kosmos-2523 did acknowledge that it had separated from another satellite (Kosmos-2521), which was not the case this time. It is therefore not at all certain if object 45915 will get a Kosmos number, something we will find out after the Glonass launch next month.

The Russian claim that Kosmos-2523 and the presumably identical object 45915 are inspection satellites does not make sense. Kosmos-2523 changed its orbit right after separating from Kosmos-2521 and never came in the vicinity of another satellite or made any further maneuvers. It may have come close to Kosmos-2519 after separating from Kosmos-2521, but must have zipped by it at high speed, making any inspection impossible. Object 45915 is showing the same behavior.  Here’s the latest analysis by Jonathan McDowell on Twitter:

Quote
I have recalculated the ejection velocity of the Kosmos-2543 projectile. The delta-V between Kosmos-2543 and object 45915 is somewhere between 140 m/s and 186 m/s. If you just look at the TLEs at closest approach at 0750 UTC Jul 15, the velocity vectors are different by 186 m/s. But small errors in the data causing things like plane offsets tend to inflate that number. If instead you just calculate the minimum delta-V to change the apogee and perigee from 604  x 618 km to 505 x 784 km, ignoring all the angular variables, that's 140 m/s so it has to be at least that. For the metrically impaired, 140 m/s is 313 mph so I infer the ejected object had its own rocket motor which most likely fired sometime after a low velocity ejection from the parent sat.

In both missions, the inspection role seems to have been performed by Kosmos-2521 and 2543, both of which made repeated close approaches to other satellites (Kosmos-2521 using Kosmos-2519 as its target and Kosmos-2543 using USA-245 (albeit at relatively large distances) and Kosmos-2535 as its targets). Both Kosmos-2521 and 2543 are likely part of project Nivelir, run by the CNIIHM institute and started in 2011.

Kosmos-2523 and object 45915 presumably are also products of CNIIHM. A plausible candidate is a CNIIHM satellite identified as Napryazheniye, which first appeared in documentation in 2012. There may also be a link with research that CNIIHM has carried out on solid-fuel engines for small satellites. The single burn performed by Kosmos-2523 suggests it may have used that type of engine.  More on all that in the CNIIHM thread “Russia’s secret satellite builder”:

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=48108.0
(Reply 9)

Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: jcm on 07/26/2020 02:11 am
I've added a web page showing the relative approaches of the various Nivelir/Naprazheniye objects. (Bart, I welcome any comments)
https://planet4589.org/space/plots//niv/index.html
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 08/07/2020 07:43 pm
Tweet from Dutch satellite observer Marco Langbroek:

https://twitter.com/Marco_Langbroek?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor

Quote
Dr Marco Langbroek
4 aug.
In evening twilight, I filmed 2019-079E, the purported '#ASAT Kill Vehicle' ejected by #Kosmos 2543 in July.
It shows a very erratic brightness behaviour (including a very sudden turn to invisible)
VIDEO (WATEC 902H + Samyang 1.4/85 mm):

https://vimeo.com/444687940
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 08/09/2020 04:00 pm
While Kosmos-2535 (2019-39A) and Kosmos-2543 (2019-079D) continue to fly in close formation, it looks like they will be getting company from yet another satellite within days. One of the four Kosmos satellites launched on July 10, 2019 is approaching the Kosmos-2535/Kosmos-2543 pair. It is the one that was catalogued by the US as Kosmos-2538 (2019-39D / 44424) and was involved in rendezvous and proximity operations with 2019-39A from August 2019 until early this year. After the first close approach in early August 2019, the Russian Ministry of Defense issued a press release in which it identified the two satellites as Kosmos-2535 and Kosmos-2536, meaning that 2019-39A and D are in reality Kosmos-2535 and 2536 or vice versa.

Some time ago Object D slightly reduced its perigee, as a result of which it has been slowly drifting towards Kosmos-2535/2543. The distance is now just over 300 km and 2019-39D should be joining the pair within days, so these satellite may have even more surprises in store.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 08/13/2020 08:31 pm
US tracking data show that 2019-39D (the object catalogued as Kosmos-2538, but which seems to be identified by the Russians as Kosmos-2536) is now in the immediate vicinity of the Kosmos-2535/2543 duo, so we now have three satellites flying in close formation, something not earlier seen in this particular program. However, the data also indicate that Kosmos-2543 slightly lowered its orbit yesterday (by about 1 km), which should cause it to slowly drift away from Kosmos-2535/2536.

My thanks to Nico Janssen for providing this update.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: Liss on 08/13/2020 09:18 pm
US tracking data show that 2019-039D returned to 2019-039A on Aug 13 but 2019-079D left the latter two days earlier, on Aug 11.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: B. Hendrickx on 08/27/2021 08:15 pm
http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Aug-2021/0116.html

Quote
From: Nico Janssen via Seesat-l <seesat-l_at_satobs.org>
Date: Wed, 25 Aug 2021 15:09:07 +0200

Kosmos 2542 (44797), one of the Russian 'Inspektor' satellites, has synchronized its orbit plane again with USA 245 (39232). As a result, there have been several close encounters between Kosmos 2542 and USA 245, with distances as short as
34 km on 2021-08-02 and 53 km on 2021-08-13.
Title: Re: Soyuz-2-1v/Volga - Kosmos 2542 & 2543 - Plesetsk 43/4 - Nov 25, 2019 17:52 UTC
Post by: FutureSpaceTourist on 10/25/2023 05:31 am
https://twitter.com/planet4589/status/1717006670423871585

Quote
Russia's Kosmos-2542 satellite, launched in 2019,  gained some notoriety in 2020 for shadowing a US spy satellite, USA 245. It reentered over Samara, Russia on Oct 24 at 1007 UTC. The satellite appears to have been decommissioned in May.