Author Topic: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission  (Read 146467 times)

Offline otter

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ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« on: 07/12/2023 04:31 am »
Chandrayaan-3 Will Be First Lander To Land On Moon's South Pole - Here’s Why It Is So Important

https://www.outlookindia.com/national/explained-chandrayaan-3-will-be-first-to-land-on-moon-south-pole-read-why-it-is-so-important-news-301150



Chandrayaan-3: Isro pins hopes on lessons from failure; definitive 1st orbit, larger landing site, better error corrections introduced

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/chandrayaan-3-isro-pins-hopes-on-lessons-from-failure-definitive-1st-orbit-larger-landing-site-better-error-corrections-introduced/articleshow/101678151.cms

Offline otter

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #1 on: 07/12/2023 04:44 am »

Offline Blackstar

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« Last Edit: 07/12/2023 06:37 pm by Blackstar »

Offline otter

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #3 on: 07/14/2023 09:23 am »
https://twitter.com/isro/status/1679783216230858754

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LVM3 M4 vehicle🚀 successfully launched Chandrayaan-3🛰️ into orbit.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #4 on: 07/14/2023 05:55 pm »
https://twitter.com/jackkuhr/status/1679911812232249369

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Chandrayaan-3's trajectory to the moon is beautiful

Space engineers >>>>>

Online FutureSpaceTourist

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #5 on: 07/14/2023 07:14 pm »
https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1679929973090684928

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Back from a nap and #Chandrayaan3's radio signal has substantially improved from just after launch.  Possibly indication of successful deployment of solar panels and raising the beacon's output power.

Offline vyoma

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #6 on: 07/14/2023 09:04 pm »
Chandrayaan 3 orbit animation by kvsankar: https://sankara.net/chandrayaan3.html
 

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #7 on: 07/15/2023 07:37 am »
https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1680090422335655936

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#Chandrayaan3 is about to do its first orbit raising burn at 2023-07-15T06:47 UTC to raise the orbit to about 180x41594. Burn around perigee over the Pacific Ocean.  I'll have a great view of the results as it rises to the next apogee over me.  Ground track for next day below.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #8 on: 07/15/2023 07:46 am »
twitter.com/esaoperations/status/1680120266322591744

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Signal acquired! 📡〰️〰️〰️🛰️📶

We hear you loud and clear #Chandrayaan3! 🇮🇳

Data are now flowing down from orbit to our Kourou station in French Guiana.

From there, they are forwarded to @isro in India via our ESOC #MissionControl centre in Darmstadt, Germany.

https://twitter.com/esaoperations/status/1680120269388632064

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The 1s and 0s pouring down from orbit enable #ISRO's operators to monitor the health of the spacecraft after the rigours of launch.

Meanwhile, commands to the spacecraft are being sent up in the opposite direction, from India, to Germany, to Kourou and finally up into orbit.

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This is the first of a number of support sessions from ESA Kourou.

As #Chandrayaan3 begins to leave Earth orbit, we’ll also turn to @goonhillyorg to continue assisting #ISRO with tracking, commanding and receiving data from the spacecraft as it travels onwards towards the #Moon.

https://twitter.com/esaoperations/status/1680120274690162688

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ESA Kourou & @goonhillyorg will continue to support #Chandrayaan3 alongside #NASA and #ISRO ground stations during the journey to the Moon, during the lunar descent planned for late August, and through to the end of lunar rover surface operations roughly 14 days later.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #9 on: 07/15/2023 09:14 am »
https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1680124012125638657

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AOS of #Chandrayaan3, she made it through the burn!

Offline vyoma

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #10 on: 07/15/2023 03:55 pm »
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Chandrayaan-3 Mission update:
The spacecraft's health is normal.

The first orbit-raising maneuver (Earthbound  firing-1) is successfully performed at ISTRAC/ISRO, Bengaluru.

Spacecraft is now in 41762 km x 173 km orbit.

https://twitter.com/isro/status/1680239822110162944

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #11 on: 07/15/2023 04:27 pm »

Offline Targeteer

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #12 on: 07/15/2023 07:29 pm »
Quote
Chandrayaan-3 Mission update:
The spacecraft's health is normal.

The first orbit-raising maneuver (Earthbound  firing-1) is successfully performed at ISTRAC/ISRO, Bengaluru.

Spacecraft is now in 41762 km x 173 km orbit.

https://twitter.com/isro/status/1680239822110162944

The original orbit for reference

57320    CHANDRAYAAN-3   2023-098A   639.99min   21.31deg   36306km   138km   
Best quote heard during an inspection, "I was unaware that I was the only one who was aware."

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #13 on: 07/16/2023 06:43 am »
https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1680462017357037570

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Over the next couple of days @Chandrayaan3 will quietly orbit the Earth preparing for the next boost up.  Each boost is in a sequence timed to get the mission to the Moon in the most efficient way possible. 

Indian 🇮🇳 engineering at its best!

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India 🇮🇳 is incredibly good at getting missions to the Moon and Mars with minimal energy input.  So far the @ISRO has a 100% track record of getting to either destination.

Offline vyoma

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #14 on: 07/16/2023 07:34 am »


Excellent interview with Director of URSC, ISRO. URSC is responsible for building Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft.

In lunar orbit:
- Spacecraft components will be tested when Chandrayaan-3 is in 100km x 100km Lunar orbit.

- 4x800N throttle-able engines will be tested one-by-one, in pairs, and also in the profile in which they'll be fired during the actual descent.

- Sensors on the lander would be oriented towards propulsion module and tested by measuring reflection.

- By the time engine tests are finished, the orbit of the spacecraft would be reduced to 100km x 30km. Spacecraft will be in this orbit for 4 days would be left undisturbed. Spacecraft's precise orbit would be determined at this stage. Orbit must be determined within ~50m accuracy, otherwise landing won't be possible.

- Once precise orbit is determined, descent would start. All 4 engines would be fired. Lander detaches from orbiter and takes trajectory towards the surface of the Moon.
- Velocity (horizontal and vertical components) would be reduced from few km/s to almost 0 for landing, and it would take around 30 minutes in total. Landing phase divided into 4 phases:
   1) Rough Braking Phase: Reduce velocity as much as possible while maintaining orientation, and move closer to 70deg lat on the Moon.
   2) Attitude Hold Phase: Altimeters kick in at 7.3km altitude from the surface and start giving out height readings.
   3) Fine Braking Phase: Onboard software uses altimeter output to take the lander from 7.3km altitude to 800m above the surface.
   4) Landing Phase: Velocity measurement cameras and Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) give out velocity components in all three axes. Using this data, horizontal and vertical components of velocity are reduced to 0 to make the lander hover over the targeted area of landing. High resolution pictures taken by Chandrayaan-2 orbiter (25cm resolution) would be used to compare and confirm that the lander is over intended landing area. Once confirmed, vertical descent is initiated at 1m/s for soft landing. Lander is designed to sustain landing at up to 3m/s vertical descent.

- If the lander is not at the correct location in Landing Phase, then it'll be reoriented and moved horizontally towards intended location and resume Landing Phase.

- Landing opportunity: August 23rd, and the next one is on August 26th. If both of these are missed, then the next opportunity is a month later. However, won't be able to land on the same spot if Aug 23rd or 26th opportunity is missed. It's not yet decided what would the next landing opportunity, but it would be more than a month from Aug 23/26.

On lunar surface:
- Life of the lander is 14 Earth days (1 Lunar day) by design. Battery may not sustain for Lunar night, and the temperature during the lunar night is far beyond operating temperature ranges of components used in the craft.

- Rover communicates with lander using RF, and needs to have line-of-sight visibility with lander. Life of rover is limited to 13 Earth days (excluding the landing day), and is expected to travel up to 1km.


Extensive tests done at various ISRO centers:
- Three hardware test campaigns were performed:
   1) Cold test: Lander was mounted on a helicopter, and was flown over a simulated Lunar surface to ensure all sensors and software work as expected during descent phase. This was done at Chitradurga campus.
   2) Integrated hot test: Lander with all sensors, software, 4x800N engines, and 16x58N engines was mounted on a crane to Moon gravity. Lander was made to hover with all engines firing as intended to test all subsystems. This was done at SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota.
   3) Lander leg characterization test: Lander leg strengthened to survive 3m/s (Chandrayaan-2 was characterized for 2m/s landing). One leg making contact, two legs making contact, soft surface, hard surface, slanted surface landing tests have been performed.

- Exhaustive software simulation tests have been performed to go through entire trajectory and descent profile with up to 6 times the expected variations in all possible parameters, to make sure that software systems do not misbehave in unforeseen conditions.

- Lunar dust during landing: Lander has been designed in such a way there's no direct impact of lunar dust on instruments/components except for solar panels. Simulation studies have been done to estimate the loss of power due to lunar dust. Provisions have been made to accommodate the reduction in power. Rover is not impacted by dust. Dust would be settled by the time rover comes out, and rover itself is not expected to kick up dust during its operation.

- Improvements over Chandrayaan-2: Few redundancies have been added in lander that were not there in CY2, and more fuel has been added to give more margins for propulsion system. Main difference is direct velocity measurement capability due to the inclusion of Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV). Onboard software has been made more robust.
« Last Edit: 07/16/2023 07:42 am by vyoma »

Offline vyoma

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #15 on: 07/16/2023 03:12 pm »
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/chandrayaan-3-goes-higher-away-from-the-earth/articleshow/101792809.cms [Jul 16, 2023]

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If all goes as planned, scientists will carry out a minor burning of onboard propulsion systems on Sunday to increase the perigee (closest point to Earth). It will be pushed to about 220km from the current position.

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“The perigee will then remain stable. The remaining three manoeuvres we’ve planned will all be for apogee raising,” another scientist said. The three other operations around Earth, as reported by TOI earlier, are planned for July 18, 20 and 25 to push apogee to around 1-lakh-km before Isro attempts to slingshot the spacecraft towards Moon, in the intervening night of July 31 and August 1.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #16 on: 07/16/2023 03:59 pm »
twitter.com/chethan_dash/status/1680599352681828352

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#UPDATE #JUSTIN

Second Earth-bound manoeuvre done to increase #Chandrayaan3 perigee today in the evening. Perigee now at a little more than 220km. Three more EBMs this week before TLI. Official note may come a bit later.

Pic: For representation /credit: @isro

https://twitter.com/chethan_dash/status/1680601335136423939

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This was a minor one. Firing lasted only for 42-odd seconds. Data being analysed.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #17 on: 07/17/2023 07:51 am »
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Chandrayaan-3 Mission:
The second orbit-raising maneuver (Earth-bound apogee firing) is performed successfully.

The spacecraft is now in 41603 km x 226 km orbit.

The next firing is planned for tomorrow between 2 and 3 pm IST.

https://twitter.com/isro/status/1680845817903722497
Lukas C. H. • Hobbyist Mission Patch Artist 🎨 • May the force be with you my friend, Ad Astra Per Aspera ✨️

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #18 on: 07/17/2023 10:40 am »
https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1680886970069954560

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Acquisition of signal from #Chandrayaan3 after a minor perigee raising burn during the preceding apogee. The burn raised the perigee slightly, likely to reduce the effects of atmospheric drag over the weeks to come on the orbit.

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Re: ISRO - Chandrayaan-3: lunar exploration mission
« Reply #19 on: 07/18/2023 05:33 am »
twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1681111481600053249

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#Chandrayaan3 update for 2023-07-17.

I dialled in the TLE yesterday further to my post yesterday and was able to track the spacecraft accurately even during perigee as JPL Horizons ephemerides isn't up to that task. The residuals are very low.    🧵⬇️

https://twitter.com/coastal8049/status/1681111484271849472

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Using @cgbassa's STRF analysis tool the parameters for the new orbit are as follows after the minor perigee raising burn:
57320    221km x  41610km x  21.28deg inclination,  period 747.92min,  eccentricity 0.758223
The perigee was likely raised to reduce atmospheric drag.⬇️

 

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