Author Topic: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread  (Read 512983 times)

Offline jg

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1980 on: 08/29/2024 06:51 pm »
A Dazzling Comet is Heading Our Way! It Will Outshine Brightest Stars

You left off "We're doomed."

It's not hitting us; it's a comet.
Tell that to comet Shoemaker Levy 9.

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Online ugordan

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1981 on: 08/29/2024 06:58 pm »
A Dazzling Comet is Heading Our Way! It Will Outshine Brightest Stars

You left off "We're doomed."

It's not hitting us; it's a comet.
Tell that to comet Shoemaker Levy 9.


That one didn't hit us, either.

Neither did C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) hit Mars, even though a lot of people were hoping it would (myself included, not the people operating the orbiting spacecraft at the time, though).
« Last Edit: 08/29/2024 07:12 pm by ugordan »

Offline Star One

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Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1982 on: 08/29/2024 08:05 pm »
JWST discovers New Planet - it’s the coldest, oldest exoplanet ever imaged:

« Last Edit: 08/29/2024 08:06 pm by Star One »

Offline Blackstar

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1983 on: 08/29/2024 09:04 pm »
A Dazzling Comet is Heading Our Way! It Will Outshine Brightest Stars

You left off "We're doomed."

It's not hitting us; it's a comet.

That's what they want you to think. Comets can hit us.

Offline Star One

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Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1984 on: 08/30/2024 07:20 pm »
Cool Worlds - Do ‘Grabby Aliens’ solve the Fermi Paradox?

He explains why he doesn’t buy this particular theory. He did send his criticisms of the theory to the person who originated the video before making the video, and discussed it with them.

« Last Edit: 08/30/2024 07:26 pm by Star One »

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1985 on: 09/01/2024 06:59 pm »
NASA spacecraft collision may have created a meteor shower that will last for 100 years

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Rocky debris blasted away from the tiny asteroid Dimorphos when NASA’s DART spacecraft intentionally slammed into it in 2022 could create the first human-made meteor shower known as the Dimorphids, new study has found.

https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/31/science/dimorphos-dart-impact-debris-meteor-shower/index.html

Related paper:

https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.02836

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1986 on: 09/03/2024 04:17 pm »
Giant impact on early Ganymede and its subsequent reorientation

Abstract
Ganymede has an ancient impact structure called a furrow system. The furrow system is the largest impact structure in the outer solar system, and the impact should have significantly affected Ganymede’s early history; however, its effects are poorly understood. No attention has been given to the center of the furrow system coinciding with Ganymede's tidal axis, indicating that mass redistribution induced by the furrow-forming impact caused a reorientation (true polar wander) of Ganymede. We propose that the impact ejecta created a mass anomaly that reoriented the impact site toward the tidal axis. We found that an impactor with a radius of 150 km and an incidence angle between 60° and 90° most accurately reproduces the current location of the furrow system. We predict that future explorations would reveal remnant topographic profiles or gravity anomalies associated with the furrow-forming impact and reorientation. Additionally, various possible explanations for the reorientation of Ganymede, such as an impactor-origin mascon beneath the basin or a thickness variation in the lithosphere, should be studied.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-69914-2

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1987 on: 09/03/2024 07:21 pm »
The Martian polar caps are not created equally—here's why

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People have observed the bright Martian poles wax and wane for centuries, but only within the last 50 years have scientists discovered that they are mostly comprised of carbon dioxide cycling in and out of the atmosphere to the rhythm of the seasons. But exactly how this happens is a complex interplay of planetary processes that scientists are continually teasing out.

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-martian-polar-caps-equally.html

Related paper:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103523003809?via%3Dihub

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1988 on: 09/04/2024 10:33 am »
Meet Phaethon, a weird asteroid that thinks it’s a comet – our new research may explain what’s going on

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I led newly published research aimed at addressing this puzzle by simulating the intense solar heating that Phaethon experiences during its perihelion.

We used chips from a rare group of meteorites called the CM chondrites, which contain clays that are believed to be similar to Phaethon’s composition. These were heated in an oxygen-free environment multiple times, simulating the hot-cold/day-night cycles that occur on Phaethon when it is close to the Sun.

The results were surprising. Unlike other volatile substances that would typically be lost after a few heating cycles, the small quantities of sulphurous gases contained in the meteorites were released slowly, over many cycles.

https://theconversation.com/meet-phaethon-a-weird-asteroid-that-thinks-its-a-comet-our-new-research-may-explain-whats-going-on-237903

Related paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-51054-w

Offline StraumliBlight

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1989 on: 09/04/2024 05:31 pm »
https://twitter.com/esa/status/1831307613205615044

Quote
UPDATE: We expect the ~1 m asteroid discovered this morning to strike Earth's atmosphere over the Philippines near Luzon Island at 16:46 UTC today.

However the nearby tropical storm Yagi/Enteng will make fireball observations difficult.

Offline Blackstar

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1990 on: 09/04/2024 06:11 pm »
There is a neat video of it here. (Hopefully it gets uploaded to other places besides Twitter, because Twitter.)

https://twitter.com/raymongdullana/status/1831378111453392958

« Last Edit: 09/04/2024 06:29 pm by zubenelgenubi »

Online ugordan

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1991 on: 09/04/2024 08:25 pm »
To be honest, I expected a much bigger/longer lightshow from a ~1 m object, for some reason I always thought bolides of this brightness were caused by maybe tennis ball-sized rocks. Guess I'll have to do a mental recalibration of size vs. fireworks.

Very cool to see people waiting for it in advance, though.

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1992 on: 09/05/2024 11:13 am »
New Synoptic Observations of the Cosmic Optical Background with New Horizons

We obtained New Horizons LORRI images to measure the cosmic optical background (COB) intensity integrated over 0.4≲λ≲0.9 μm. The survey comprises 16 high Galactic-latitude fields selected to minimize scattered diffuse Galactic light (DGL) from the Milky Way galaxy, as well as scattered light from bright stars. This work supersedes an earlier analysis based on observations of one of the present fields. Isolating the COB contribution to the raw total sky levels measured in the fields requires subtracting the remaining scattered light from bright stars and galaxies, intensity from faint stars within the fields fainter than the photometric detection-limit, and the DGL foreground. DGL is estimated from Planck HFI 350 μm and 550 μm intensities, using a new self-calibrated indicator based on the 16 fields augmented with eight additional DGL calibration fields obtained as part of the survey. The survey yields a highly significant detection (6.8σ) of the COB at 11.16±1.65 (1.47 sys, 0.75 ran) nW m−2 sr−1 at the LORRI pivot wavelength of 0.608 μm. The estimated integrated intensity from background galaxies, 8.17±1.18 nW m−2 sr−1, can account for the great majority of this signal. The rest of the COB signal, 2.99±2.03 (1.75 sys, 1.03 ran) nW m−2 sr−1, is formally classified as anomalous intensity but is not significantly different from zero. The simplest interpretation is that the COB is completely due to galaxies.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.06273

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1993 on: 09/05/2024 03:49 pm »
Outer solar system is more populated than previously thought, research reveals

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Survey observations using the Subaru Telescope's ultra-widefield prime focus camera have revealed that there may be a population of small bodies further out in the Kuiper Belt waiting to be discovered.



Quote
"The most exciting part of the HSC observations was the discovery of 11 objects at distances beyond the known Kuiper Belt," says team member Dr. Fumi Yoshida, from the University of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences and the Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology.

Many of the objects discovered with HSC are located at distances of 30–55 astronomical units (au) from the sun (1 au corresponds to the distance between the sun and Earth) and are thought to be within the known Kuiper Belt.

On the other hand, the team was not expecting what appears to be a cluster of objects in the 70–90 au region and a valley between 55 au and 70 au (where only a small number of objects are distributed, see figure below). Such a valley had not been reported in other observations.

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-outer-solar-populated-previously-thought.html

Two related papers:

https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.04927

https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.21142

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1994 on: 09/05/2024 04:32 pm »
Astronomers discover iron winds on an ultra-hot exoplanet

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An international team of astronomers, including scientists from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) and the PlanetS National Center of Competence in Research, has identified the presence of iron winds in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b.



Quote
For this new study, the team of astronomers focused on the day side of WASP-76 b, which has a temperature of 2400 degrees Celsius, by observing it at high spectral resolution in the visible light. The main result was the detection of a stream of iron atoms moving from the lower to the upper layers of the planet's atmosphere.

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-astronomers-iron-ultra-hot-exoplanet.html

Related paper:

https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2024/09/aa49935-24/aa49935-24.html

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1995 on: 09/05/2024 07:23 pm »
Expert explains evidence for planetary formation through gravitational instability

Quote
But in a new paper published today in Nature, MIT Kerr-McGee Career Development Professor Richard Teague and his colleagues report evidence that the movement of the gas surrounding the star AB Aurigae behaves as one would expect in a gravitationally unstable disk, matching numerical predictions.

Their finding is akin to detecting the snowplow that made the pile. This indicates that gravitational collapse is a viable method of planetary formation. Here, Teague, who studies the formation of planetary systems in MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences (EAPS), answers a few questions about the new work.

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-expert-evidence-planetary-formation-gravitational.html

Related paper:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07877-0

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1996 on: 09/05/2024 08:37 pm »
Not everyday you hear about someone shooting a telescope.

Astrum - Malicious attack on $5 million dollar telescope. Scientists don’t care:


Offline Blackstar

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1997 on: 09/05/2024 10:15 pm »
"Scientists don't care," which is not what his own video says. It's clickbait like that that undercuts YouTuber credibility.

Offline Star One

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Re: Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1998 on: 09/06/2024 07:13 am »
"Scientists don't care," which is not what his own video says. It's clickbait like that that undercuts YouTuber credibility.
Not the first time with that channel. I’ve seen other channels defend such titles on the basis of the you tube algorithm.

Offline Star One

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Astronomy & Planetary Science Thread
« Reply #1999 on: 09/06/2024 04:03 pm »
The article doesn’t say if this removes the need for Mike Brown’s hypothetical planet nine.

Solution to a cosmic mystery—the eccentric orbits of trans-Neptunian objects

Quote
New evidence suggests that billions of years ago, a star may have passed very close to our solar system. As a result, thousands of smaller celestial bodies in the outer solar system outside Neptune's orbit were deflected into highly inclined trajectories around the sun. It is possible that some of them were captured by the planets Jupiter and Saturn as moons.



Quote
"The best match for today's outer solar systemthat we found with our simulations is a star that was slightly lighter than our sun—about 0.8 solar masses," explains Pfalzner's colleague Amith Govind. "This star flew past our sun at a distance of around 16.5 billion kilometers. That's about 110 times the distance between Earth and the sun, a little less than four times the distance of the outermost planet Neptune."



Quote
”Some of these objects could have been captured by the giant planets as moons," says Simon Portegies Zwart from Leiden University. "This would explain why the outer planets of our solar system have two different types of moons."

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-solution-cosmic-mystery-eccentric-orbits.html

Related papers:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02349-x

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ad63a6
« Last Edit: 09/06/2024 04:37 pm by Star One »

 

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