Author Topic: Landing rockets and the wind  (Read 98642 times)

Offline Doesitfloat

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #60 on: 01/11/2016 01:24 pm »
It's hard to grasp how massive seagoing platforms of this scale are unless you've stood on one. They're massive. And in any case I think SpaceX has undoubtedly run enough simulations to get to the point that it does not remain to be seen within the constraints of the landing commit criteria.

Perhaps "massive" is a relative term...  The platform in question is only 300' long and 100' wide and, lightly ballasted as it is and with no active stabilisation, will bob around like a cork out on the open ocean.  Compared to, say, an aircraft carrier, it's a peanut.

Yes, undoubtedly SpaceX have run enough simulations, and with the last landing have proven they can land a stage on a surface of equivalent size, so apparently all the other bugs are ironed out - but whether or not their commit criteria for a barge landing are correct, only time will tell.
 
The load lines tell a different story.

When a ship carries more water ballast mass  than it's light ship weight. (Mass of Steel)
One can not use the term "lightly ballasted."
 
What is the definition of "bob"
We calculate ship motions in terms of roll, pitch and heave.  Roll and pitch are centered around the center if the waterplane area. Heave requires a waves longer than the perpendicular side to have any significant impact.





Offline CameronD

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #61 on: 01/11/2016 09:17 pm »
The load lines tell a different story.

When a ship carries more water ballast mass  than it's light ship weight. (Mass of Steel)
One can not use the term "lightly ballasted."

You have evidence of that?!?  What's the "water ballast mass" and the "light ship weight" of the ASDS??  ???
 
What is the definition of "bob"
We calculate ship motions in terms of roll, pitch and heave.  Roll and pitch are centered around the center if the waterplane area. Heave requires a waves longer than the perpendicular side to have any significant impact.

My apologies for using a nautical term I thought most here would understand.

If you'd prefer to substitute "roll, pitch and heave" where I wrote "bob", I'm happy for you to do that.

With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine - however, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are
going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.

Offline JasonAW3

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #62 on: 01/11/2016 09:26 pm »
The load lines tell a different story.

When a ship carries more water ballast mass  than it's light ship weight. (Mass of Steel)
One can not use the term "lightly ballasted."

You have evidence of that?!?  What's the "water ballast mass" and the "light ship weight" of the ASDS??  ???
 
What is the definition of "bob"
We calculate ship motions in terms of roll, pitch and heave.  Roll and pitch are centered around the center if the waterplane area. Heave requires a waves longer than the perpendicular side to have any significant impact.

My apologies for using a nautical term I thought most here would understand.

If you'd prefer to substitute "roll, pitch and heave" where I wrote "bob", I'm happy for you to do that.

While this may seem a bit off topic, I think using a specialized SWATH Hull designed structure would greatly reduce the pitch and roll issues that they would have landing the stage.  (Ex Navy.  Had some experience with this subject).
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Offline CameronD

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #63 on: 01/11/2016 09:31 pm »
While this may seem a bit off topic, I think using a specialized SWATH Hull designed structure would greatly reduce the pitch and roll issues that they would have landing the stage.  (Ex Navy.  Had some experience with this subject).

Agreed.  We had a good discussion about that a couple of years back:

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=35244.msg1279594#msg1279594

« Last Edit: 01/11/2016 10:35 pm by CameronD »
With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine - however, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are
going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.

Offline CameronD

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #64 on: 01/17/2016 09:19 pm »
Congratulations to SpaceX on the successful launch of Jason-3!

Barge needs much better stabilization in any sea state to keep landing area from moving. Barge moving up and down messes up with S1's sensors causing a hard landing. Landing would most likely have been successful if the barge was as stable as land.

Looks like I was right after all...  :(
With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine - however, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are
going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.

Offline mme

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #65 on: 01/17/2016 09:32 pm »
Congratulations to SpaceX on the successful launch of Jason-3!

Barge needs much better stabilization in any sea state to keep landing area from moving. Barge moving up and down messes up with S1's sensors causing a hard landing. Landing would most likely have been successful if the barge was as stable as land.

Looks like I was right after all...  :(

According to Musk the issue is that a leg did not latch.  Obviously sea state can be an issue but there is no evidence that it was the issue with this landing.

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/688814634489413632
Quote
Definitely harder to land on a ship. Similar to an aircraft carrier vs land: much smaller target area, that's also translating & rotating.

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/688816554306191360
Quote
However, that was not what prevented it being good. Touchdown speed was ok, but a leg lockout didn't latch, so it tipped over after landing.

https://twitter.com/Uncle_Gus/status/688816725106667520
Quote
@elonmusk Does that mean the same thing would have happened on land?

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/688816810754359297
Quote
@Uncle_Gus probably

They'll fix the latch and try again and then we'll get real data on how sea state affects landing attempts.
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Offline jg

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #66 on: 01/17/2016 09:34 pm »
Congratulations to SpaceX on the successful launch of Jason-3!

Barge needs much better stabilization in any sea state to keep landing area from moving. Barge moving up and down messes up with S1's sensors causing a hard landing. Landing would most likely have been successful if the barge was as stable as land.

Looks like I was right after all...  :(

Later tweets indicate the landing was soft enough, with the problem being that the collet locking one of the legs failed to (fully?) activate, resulting in the rocket toppling over.  Elon indicated the problem would likely have occurred in a landing on land attemp..

Will be a fun video to watch, when they release it.

Offline CameronD

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #67 on: 01/17/2016 09:54 pm »
However, that was not what prevented it being good. Touchdown speed was ok, but a leg lockout didn't latch, so it tipped over after landing.

They'll fix the latch and try again and then we'll get real data on how sea state affects landing attempts.

Later tweets indicate the landing was soft enough, with the problem being that the collet locking one of the legs failed to (fully?) activate, resulting in the rocket toppling over.  Elon indicated the problem would likely have occurred in a landing on land attemp..

Will be a fun video to watch, when they release it.

I know that's what's been said, but as an engineer with a few years experience working with floating platforms (amongst other things) I'm not sure that's the full picture.  ISTM they didn't deploy the legs early enough to account for the swell ..and IMHO they probably would have landed on land quite okay - but without detailed analysis it's safer to agree that they wouldn't have.

If what I think happened, had the latch not failed the entire stage may (worst case) have toppled into the sea.

Yep, the video sure will be fun to watch.  Who's bringing the popcorn? :)

With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine - however, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are
going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.

Offline Kabloona

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #68 on: 01/23/2016 03:29 am »
Speaking of landing in the wind, this is an interesting tidbit from the Blue Origin press release after their second hop of New Shepard:

Quote
made several software improvements, including a noteworthy one. Rather than the vehicle translating to land at the exact center of the pad, it now initially targets the center, but then sets down at a position of convenience on the pad, prioritizing vehicle attitude ahead of precise lateral positioning. It’s like a pilot lining up a plane with the centerline of the runway. If the plane is a few feet off center as you get close, you don’t swerve at the last minute to ensure hitting the exact mid-point. You just land a few feet left or right of the centerline. Our Monte Carlo sims of New Shepard landings show this new strategy increases margins, improving the vehicle’s ability to reject disturbances created by low-altitude winds.
« Last Edit: 01/23/2016 03:30 am by Kabloona »

Offline obi-wan

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #69 on: 01/23/2016 03:47 am »
It's hard to grasp how massive seagoing platforms of this scale are unless you've stood on one. They're massive. And in any case I think SpaceX has undoubtedly run enough simulations to get to the point that it does not remain to be seen within the constraints of the landing commit criteria.

Perhaps "massive" is a relative term...  The platform in question is only 300' long and 100' wide and, lightly ballasted as it is and with no active stabilisation, will bob around like a cork out on the open ocean.  Compared to, say, an aircraft carrier, it's a peanut.

Yes, undoubtedly SpaceX have run enough simulations, and with the last landing have proven they can land a stage on a surface of equivalent size, so apparently all the other bugs are ironed out - but whether or not their commit criteria for a barge landing are correct, only time will tell.
 
The load lines tell a different story.

When a ship carries more water ballast mass  than it's light ship weight. (Mass of Steel)
One can not use the term "lightly ballasted."
 
What is the definition of "bob"
We calculate ship motions in terms of roll, pitch and heave.  Roll and pitch are centered around the center if the waterplane area. Heave requires a waves longer than the perpendicular side to have any significant impact.

Actually, roll, pitch, and yaw are the terms for angular motion about the center of gravity for both nautical and aerospace vehicles. Defining the X axis as forward, Z axis is up, and (for a right-hand coordinate frame) Y to the left/port side, what the aerospace engineer would refer to as X, Y, and Z translation in the nautical world is surge, sway, and heave, respectively.

Offline mvpel

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #70 on: 01/23/2016 04:52 am »
I know that's what's been said, but as an engineer with a few years experience working with floating platforms (amongst other things) I'm not sure that's the full picture.  ISTM they didn't deploy the legs early enough to account for the swell ..and IMHO they probably would have landed on land quite okay - but without detailed analysis it's safer to agree that they wouldn't have.

If what I think happened, had the latch not failed the entire stage may (worst case) have toppled into the sea.

Take another look at the video and observe the position of the sun. Put your mouse cursor over it, even. Observe that it does not shift one iota for the entire 45 second duration right through the fall and explosion. There was no swell during the phase of the landing that actually matters. The stage would have fallen over on land as well as a result of the unseated collet. And the center of gravity of the stage is very low, so it takes an estimated 23 degrees of tilt to shift it past the tip of the legs when properly locked out. It would not have toppled into the sea.



It's even bigger after they added the wings.
« Last Edit: 01/23/2016 05:19 pm by mvpel »
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Offline Lar

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #71 on: 04/18/2016 05:01 pm »
Bump.

I think it's fairly clear at this point that wind did have some effect on the CRS-8 landing. :)
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Offline MattMason

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #72 on: 04/18/2016 08:17 pm »
Bump.

I think it's fairly clear at this point that wind did have some effect on the CRS-8 landing. :)

Yep. In the post-launch presser, Elon Musk noted that the F9 was fighting 50 MPH gusts, which perhaps explains the angle and the touchdown bounce.
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Offline kevinof

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #73 on: 04/18/2016 08:49 pm »
Not sure about that figure. I know it's what Musk said but as a life long ocean sailor that landing didn't look anything near 50 mph.

That's over 40 knots and at that wind you would expect a lot more blown wave tops and spray.  Looked more like 25/30 kts max to me.
« Last Edit: 04/18/2016 08:52 pm by kevinof »

Offline S.Paulissen

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #74 on: 04/18/2016 08:56 pm »
Not sure about that figure. I know it's what Musk said but as a life long ocean sailor that landing didn't look anything near 50 mph.

That's over 40 knots and at that wind you would expect a lot more blown wave tops and spray.  Looked more like 25/30 kts max to me.

Agreed, but winds at surface are much lower than gusts at altitude.
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Offline JFARNS

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #75 on: 04/18/2016 09:54 pm »
Not sure about that figure. I know it's what Musk said but as a life long ocean sailor that landing didn't look anything near 50 mph.

That's over 40 knots and at that wind you would expect a lot more blown wave tops and spray.  Looked more like 25/30 kts max to me.

Agreed, but winds at surface are much lower than gusts at altitude.

On the presser video, Musk said 50 mph winds "on the way down".

Offline Lee Jay

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #76 on: 04/18/2016 10:09 pm »
As a rule of thumb, use the power law with exponent of 0.11 for vertical wind shear near the Earth's surface over water.

So, if the wind is 9m/s at 10 meters, at 100m it would be 9*(100/10)^0.11 = 11.6m/s.

Offline the_other_Doug

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #77 on: 04/19/2016 02:21 pm »
As a rule of thumb, use the power law with exponent of 0.11 for vertical wind shear near the Earth's surface over water.

So, if the wind is 9m/s at 10 meters, at 100m it would be 9*(100/10)^0.11 = 11.6m/s.

Also as a rule of thumb, take any external load factor quoted by Musk as affecting a rocket and divide by ten.  Of course, when speaking of schedules, take any timeframe quoted by Musk and multiply by a factor of ten... ;)
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Online meekGee

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #78 on: 04/19/2016 05:41 pm »
The best way to reduce wind impact is to land with three engines...

These one-engine almost-hover landings are painfully slow to look at.  Like watching paint dry.

Someone give me some excitement!
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Offline CameronD

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Re: Landing rockets and the wind
« Reply #79 on: 04/20/2016 12:48 am »
The best way to reduce wind impact is to land with three engines...

These one-engine almost-hover landings are painfully slow to look at.  Like watching paint dry.

Someone give me some excitement!

They're probably not a little concerned about the effect a 3-engine hover-slam might have on the deck... paint.
With sufficient thrust, pigs fly just fine - however, this is not necessarily a good idea. It is hard to be sure where they are
going to land, and it could be dangerous sitting under them as they fly overhead.

Tags: SpaceX rockets wind 
 

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