Author Topic: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space  (Read 42026 times)

Online meekGee

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #80 on: 10/29/2025 01:18 am »

The huge wait times for turbine manufacturing I am talking about are for data centers, not general metro area power.

It stands to reason that a turbine is a turbine is a turbine. So if you want to power your data center by a turbine plant, you take a number from the turbine line, which is as you say long.  Now serving, 0-1-5.  WHAT?!?!

I don't know how long it takes to site and build a field in any of Earth's deserts. But given the operating parameters above, I'd expect everything about the project to be easier for a data center than it is for metro power.

There needs to be some adjustment time, since the mad rush for AI power is relatively recent, but if it continues, I expect the sight of data centers surrounded by enormous PV fields out in the middle of nowhere to become common.

Just basic numbers at play. And for the same reason, I don't expect data centers in orbit beyond the novelty phase.
« Last Edit: 10/29/2025 01:21 am by meekGee »
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Offline Vultur

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #81 on: 10/29/2025 01:46 am »

The huge wait times for turbine manufacturing I am talking about are for data centers, not general metro area power.

It stands to reason that a turbine is a turbine is a turbine. So if you want to power your data center by a turbine plant, you take a number from the turbine line, which is as you say long.  Now serving, 0-1-5.  WHAT?!?!

I don't know how long it takes to site and build a field in any of Earth's deserts. But given the operating parameters above, I'd expect everything about the project to be easier for a data center than it is for metro power.

There needs to be some adjustment time, since the mad rush for AI power is relatively recent, but if it continues, I expect the sight of data centers surrounded by enormous PV fields out in the middle of nowhere to become common.

That makes sense, but then why are data center people still ordering turbines despite the wait times? Why don't they all just go to solar+batteries instead? I think there has to be some practical limitation that makes it not as easy as the top line cost per watt makes it sound.

I mean, ideally solar kind of has to be the best power source for most things. There's just so much more energy available than anything else. But nonetheless, while solar is growing very rapidly, people still build lots of other things.

Quote
And for the same reason, I don't expect data centers in orbit beyond the novelty phase.

I kind of don't either, because I don't really expect the current demand to continue long enough to really build it out. But I do hope the deployment of big low mass solar panels and radiators can get proved out first; those are enabling technologies for a lot of things.

However, from the tweets above, it sounds like they are working from the assumption of basically unlimited future AI demand. Accepting that assumption for the sake of argument (though I don't actually believe it) I think there is a scale of energy use where moving to space makes sense or even is necessary; the question is just where that scale is, and whether anyone can afford to do stuff at that scale.
« Last Edit: 10/29/2025 01:55 am by Vultur »

Offline catdlr

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #82 on: 10/29/2025 02:31 am »
The great capacity of New Glenn should be talk more...and other rockets like Neutron, Terran-R, etc...

Here, I ask the man himself on your behalf.

https://twitter.com/PhilipJohnst0n/status/1983374074127769901


I already knew his answer to my question, but I wanted you to hear it from him.  His goal is to launch a Starship every day for 400 days to build the data center cores once the infrastructure is in place to dock all of them.  And it may be using just one Starship equipped to do that.  Each datacenter core is designed to fit the Starship payload bay.  The cost and ROI for building the StarcCloud are based on Starship reusability.  Without that, he probably would not be able to accomplish this.
« Last Edit: 10/29/2025 02:41 am by catdlr »
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Online meekGee

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #83 on: 10/29/2025 05:52 am »

The huge wait times for turbine manufacturing I am talking about are for data centers, not general metro area power.

It stands to reason that a turbine is a turbine is a turbine. So if you want to power your data center by a turbine plant, you take a number from the turbine line, which is as you say long.  Now serving, 0-1-5.  WHAT?!?!

I don't know how long it takes to site and build a field in any of Earth's deserts. But given the operating parameters above, I'd expect everything about the project to be easier for a data center than it is for metro power.

There needs to be some adjustment time, since the mad rush for AI power is relatively recent, but if it continues, I expect the sight of data centers surrounded by enormous PV fields out in the middle of nowhere to become common.

That makes sense, but then why are data center people still ordering turbines despite the wait times? Why don't they all just go to solar+batteries instead? I think there has to be some practical limitation that makes it not as easy as the top line cost per watt makes it sound.

I mean, ideally solar kind of has to be the best power source for most things. There's just so much more energy available than anything else. But nonetheless, while solar is growing very rapidly, people still build lots of other things.

Quote
And for the same reason, I don't expect data centers in orbit beyond the novelty phase.

I kind of don't either, because I don't really expect the current demand to continue long enough to really build it out. But I do hope the deployment of big low mass solar panels and radiators can get proved out first; those are enabling technologies for a lot of things.

However, from the tweets above, it sounds like they are working from the assumption of basically unlimited future AI demand. Accepting that assumption for the sake of argument (though I don't actually believe it) I think there is a scale of energy use where moving to space makes sense or even is necessary; the question is just where that scale is, and whether anyone can afford to do stuff at that scale.
I just don't think any industry right now is capable of catching up with AI demand.

I think for AI, PV will win easily out, but it takes time for industry to adjust to something as big as that. So people are standing in line on either side.

Either way, the value of sunshine in orbit can be quantified, and bounded from above, by assuming PV in orbit is free, and making some reasonable assumptions on the cost of terretrial, be it turbine or PV.

I would think that scaling PV industry on Earth is a lot easier than scaling manufacturing of orbital AI hardware.

I don't like assuming one side (orbital AI) is easy to scale, and at the same time assuming the other (terrestrial PV for example) is somehow naturally bound.
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Offline Vultur

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #84 on: 10/29/2025 02:12 pm »
Either way, the value of sunshine in orbit can be quantified, and bounded from above, by assuming PV in orbit is free, and making some reasonable assumptions on the cost of terretrial, be it turbine or PV.

That's true if it's a simple money cost vs money cost issue. But if there are other factors (regulatory, space power as a selling point/differentiator, etc) that no longer applies.

I definitely don't think it makes sense as a pure money cost vs money cost issue. But it may not need to.

OTOH, there's also the environmental impact issue. If you want to get the environmental impact of your ground datacenter equally low, then you probably have to give up most of the things that make building on Earth cheaper. (Noise = nowhere near anyone, so can't rely on cheap transportation. Water = can't use cooling water. And so on)

Quote
I would think that scaling PV industry on Earth is a lot easier than scaling manufacturing of orbital AI hardware.

Yes ... Until you reach the point of needing battery manufacturing capacity that doesn't exist. And I am not sure that point is all that far away.

A 100MW all-solar data center which wants to be able to handle 3 cloudy days in a row without needing the grid would need about 7.2GWh of storage.  For a week, about 16GWh. That's roughly 1900 to 4000 Tesla Megapacks (~3.9MWh each). A gigawatt datacenter...

Also, this all depends on a genuinely cheap/rapid reusable Starship. With that assumption, I am not sure orbital hardware needs to be much harder or more expensive than terrestrial hardware, since you no longer need to be hyperconcerned about mass.

I am not at all sure that a high orbit space environment is inherently harder on hardware than, say, Arizona; it's more thermally stable, less corrosive (monsoons do bring rain and high humidity, it's not always dry there), and there's no wind or other weather risks.

Quote
I don't like assuming one side (orbital AI) is easy to scale, and at the same time assuming the other (terrestrial PV for example) is somehow naturally bound.

It's not that one has limitations and one doesn't; but the limitations are different. The regulatory scheme for launching stuff into space is different than for land use/building stuff on Earth, you are not using all the same industrial capacity (solar cells yes, batteries no), and so on.

(If you assume unlimited demand, as they seem to, terrestrial PV is naturally bound because there's only so much land available for that use. But that's a truly ridiculous power scale.)
« Last Edit: 10/29/2025 02:21 pm by Vultur »

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #85 on: 10/29/2025 03:30 pm »
The great capacity of New Glenn should be talk more...and other rockets like Neutron, Terran-R, etc...

Another reason that Phillip isn't interested in RL


Quote
ApoStructura
@ApoStructura
RocketLab is a cool company, but it isn’t a competitor to SpaceX.

RL launches an order of magnitude less than SpaceX, and about 1000x less in terms of mass to orbit.

Neutron is going to help but SpaceX is just that far ahead, and Starship is on the way.

https://x.com/ApoStructura/status/1983298258429718840
« Last Edit: 10/29/2025 03:30 pm by catdlr »
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Offline Robotbeat

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #86 on: 10/29/2025 05:30 pm »
To be viable for GW scale, Starcloud need $100/kg launch prices or lower. Neutron might get to $1000/kg. It’d need to grow a lot, and have a reusable upper stage, to reach $100/kg.
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Offline Vultur

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #87 on: 10/30/2025 02:13 pm »
To be viable for GW scale, Starcloud need $100/kg launch prices or lower. Neutron might get to $1000/kg. It’d need to grow a lot, and have a reusable upper stage, to reach $100/kg.

Yeah I don't think you can get that low without full reusability. Falcon 9 is roughly $3000/kg to LEO when fully loaded. You could probably optimize a semi-reusable vehicle further with more development (SpaceX's development efforts have been focused on Starship for quite a while) or larger size (more payload per launch) combined with an inherently cheaper structure (F9 isn't stainless steel) but I don't think 30x better is reasonable.

For a fully reusable vehicle, it probably just comes down to launches per vehicle and labor cost. If launches per vehicle is very high then it's probably overwhelmingly labor cost; with hundreds of launches of a Starship sized vehicle the manufacturing component of the cost is probably down around a couple dollars per kg, or less.

Offline Robotbeat

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #88 on: 10/30/2025 07:42 pm »
Falcon 9 is, internally, $1000/kg. It’s possible Neutron gets lower if they scale up a lot. But it’ll take a decade to amortize development, and RL is likely to still charge similar prices, $2000-3000/kg.
« Last Edit: 10/30/2025 07:44 pm by Robotbeat »
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Offline Vultur

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #89 on: 10/30/2025 09:07 pm »
Falcon 9 is, internally, $1000/kg. It’s possible Neutron gets lower if they scale up a lot. But it’ll take a decade to amortize development, and RL is likely to still charge similar prices, $2000-3000/kg.

Yeah, competition (if comparable LVs existed) could probably drive down F9 prices significantly.

But even assuming you can cut off say 2-2.5x of F9's current price by competition, and maybe do 2-3x as well with a cheaper materials & larger semi reusable rocket ... Still not enough to get to $100/kg.


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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #90 on: 10/30/2025 09:58 pm »
Quote
Philip Johnston
@PhilipJohnst0n
·
I couldn’t be more excited to share that our @Starcloud_Inc1-1 satellite is targeted to 𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗵 𝗶𝗻 𝟮 𝗱𝗮𝘆𝘀, on November 2nd at 1:09 a.m. ET from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida as part of the Bandwagon-4 rideshare mission with @SpaceX. This is the first time anyone has flown an @NVIDIA H100 in space, which is orders of magnitude more powerful GPU compute than has ever been in space before. The launch webcast will be live-streamed on @X. Tune in! 🚀

(Below are @ezrafeilden, @adi__oltean, and I at Cape Canaveral with the integrated Starcloud-1 satellite a few weeks ago!)

https://twitter.com/PhilipJohnst0n/status/1984029725166277104

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Offline Star One

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Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #91 on: 10/31/2025 02:19 pm »
What Bill Gates says here seems to me very much applicable to the type of company represented in this thread.

Quote
"That's not where we are," Gates said.

But the billionaire philanthropist does think the current bubble is akin to the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s and early aughts, when several Internet-based companies turned out to be overvalued, resulting in a significant crash.

"In the end, something very profound happened. The world was very different," Gates said. "Some companies succeeded, but a lot of the companies were kind of me-too, fell behind, burning capital companies.



My bolding.

Quote
”Absolutely, there are a ton of these investments that will be dead ends," Gates added.

https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/topstocks/ar-AA1PpNqM
« Last Edit: 10/31/2025 02:20 pm by Star One »

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #92 on: 11/02/2025 03:38 am »
During the heady days of solar there were many such extravagant plays, which made zero sense financially (and sometimes physically), yet succeeded in raising dumb money and get through some level of "demo".

Shrug.

The ending was/is always the same, because what else could have / can happened.
« Last Edit: 11/02/2025 04:22 am by meekGee »
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Offline catdlr

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #93 on: 11/02/2025 06:56 am »
Quote
Philip Johnston

@PhilipJohnst0n
Starcloud-1 successfully launched!! 🚀🚀
@Starcloud_Inc1, @ezrafeilden, @adi__oltean
Thanks for the ride @SpaceX
! 🙏

https://twitter.com/PhilipJohnst0n/status/1984883162351038548
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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #94 on: 11/02/2025 06:59 am »
Quote
Philip Johnston

@PhilipJohnst0n
I’ve never heard a more beautiful call out:
“𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘂𝗱-𝟭 𝘀𝗲𝗽𝗮𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗶𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗱” !!!!!!
🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀
@Starcloud_Inc1, @ezrafeilden, @adi__oltean

https://twitter.com/PhilipJohnst0n/status/1984872901796078051
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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #95 on: 11/07/2025 04:03 am »
 Video Clip

Quote
Philip Johnston

@PhilipJohnst0n
Thanks @GadiNBC for having me on @NBCNews to discuss putting the first @Nvidia AI chip in space with Starcloud_Inc1
! 🚀

https://twitter.com/PhilipJohnst0n/status/1986617644246847664
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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #96 on: 11/13/2025 04:55 pm »
Video embedded

https://twitter.com/ycombinator/status/1989020242270646386


Quote
Y Combinator
@ycombinator
Starcloud (@Starcloud_Inc1) recently made history by launching a satellite with an NVIDIA H100 into orbit — the first time a GPU that powerful has ever operated in space. It's the first step toward building AI data centers in orbit, powered by continuous sunlight and cooled by radiating heat into deep space.

Their approach could one day rival the world's biggest data centers while using less energy, zero fresh water, and far lower emissions.

YC's @aaron_epstein visited Starcloud's HQ, where co-founders @PhilipJohnst0n, @EzraFeilden, and @Adi_Oltean
 explained how they built a working prototype in just 15 months — and why big tech is racing to space for AI compute.
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Offline Tywin

The knowledge is power...Everything is connected...
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Offline catdlr

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Re: Star Cloud (formerly LumenOrbit) - Data Centers in Space
« Reply #98 on: 12/21/2025 07:32 pm »
Why Everyone Is Talking About Data Centers In Space

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Offline TrevorMonty

The great capacity of New Glenn should be talk more...and other rockets like Neutron, Terran-R, etc...

Another reason that Phillip isn't interested in RL


Quote
ApoStructura
@ApoStructura
RocketLab is a cool company, but it isn’t a competitor to SpaceX.

RL launches an order of magnitude less than SpaceX, and about 1000x less in terms of mass to orbit.

Neutron is going to help but SpaceX is just that far ahead, and Starship is on the way.

https://x.com/ApoStructura/status/1983298258429718840

I can't see RL launching these datacentres with Neutron that doesn't mean RL won't profit from them. If you look at broad range of components that RL makes chances are some of them will end up in these datacentre satellites. If satellites are built to be serviceable then Neutron and other medium LVs may find market there.
« Last Edit: 12/21/2025 08:41 pm by TrevorMonty »

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